Tag: M.W:200-300

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 1028-33-7, is researched, Molecular C13H20N4O2, about Influence of pentifylline on brain metabolism of normal and anoxic rats, the main research direction is pentifylline brain energy metabolism anoxia.Product Details of 1028-33-7.

SK-7 (pentifylline)(I) [1028-33-7] (25 mg/kg, orally) stimulated the energy metabolism of the brain in normal and anoxic rats resulting in increased levels of ATP [56-65-5], total adenine nucleotide pool, glycogen [9005-79-2], and pyridine nucleotides (NAD [53-84-9] and NADH2 [58-68-4]).

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Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Pang, Lijuan; Bezencon, Jacqueline; Kleeb, Simon; Rabbani, Said; Sigl, Anja; Smiesko, Martin; Sager, Christoph P.; Eris, Deniz; Schwardt, Oliver; Ernst, Beat published the article 《FimH antagonists – solubility vs. permeability》. Keywords: FimH antagonist solubility permeability.They researched the compound: Methyl 6-bromonicotinate( cas:26218-78-0 ).SDS of cas: 26218-78-0. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocyclic and fused heterocyclic. In addition, there is a lot of other information about this compound (cas:26218-78-0) here.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are among the most prevalent infections worldwide. Since frequent antibiotic treatment favors the emergence of antibiotic resistance, efficient non-antibiotic strategies are urgently needed. The first step of the pathogenesis of UTI is the bacterial adherence to urothelial host cells, a process mediated by the mannose-binding adhesin FimH located at the tip of bacterial pili. In a preliminary study, biphenyl α-D-mannopyranosides with an electron-withdrawing carboxylate on the aglycon were identified as potent FimH antagonists. Although passive permeability could be established by masking the carboxylate as an ester, insufficient solubility and fast hydrolysis did not allow to maintain the therapeutic concentration in the bladder for the requested period of time. By modifying the substitution pattern, mol. planarity and symmetry of the biphenyl aglycon could be disrupted leading to improved solubility In addition, when heteroatoms were introduced to the aglycon, antagonists with further improved solubility, metabolic stability as well as passive permeability were obtained. The best representative, the pyrrolylphenyl mannoside 42f exhibited therapeutic urine concentration for up to 6 h and is therefore a promising oral candidate for UTI prevention and/or treatment.

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Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Computed Properties of C14H24O4. The fused heterocycle is formed by combining a benzene ring with a single heterocycle, or two or more single heterocycles. Compound: 4-(((1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl)oxy)-4-oxobutanoic acid, is researched, Molecular C14H24O4, CAS is 77341-67-4, about A molecular approach to flavor synthesis. I. Menthol esters of varying size and polarity. Author is Jabloner, H.; Dunbar, B. I.; Hopfinger, A. J..

For a series of menthol esters of increasing size and polarity, mintyness decreased rapidly as mol. weight increased. For mol. weights above ∼700, the compounds were tasteless to a significant proportion of the taste panel. As polarity increased, the sweet minty taste of hydrophobic menthol esters became increasingly bitter, until water-soluble menthol esters were strongly bitter. Bitterness was still apparent in quite high-mol.-weight water-soluble esters; a different receptor may be involved for bitterness than for mint. An overall hypothesis relating flavor to mol. solubility parameters is proposed.

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Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Most of the natural products isolated at present are heterocyclic compounds, so heterocyclic compounds occupy an important position in the research of organic chemistry. A compound: 3066-84-0, is researched, SMILESS is NC(N1)=NC(NC(Br)=N2)=C2C1=O, Molecular C5H4BrN5OJournal, Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov’t, P.H.S., Journal of Immunology called Role of salvage and phosphorylation in the immunostimulatory activity of C8-substituted guanine ribonucleosides, Author is Goodman, Michael G., the main research direction is C8 substituted guanine ribonucleoside immunostimulation; purine salvage phosphorylation guanine nucleoside immunostimulation.Synthetic Route of C5H4BrN5O.

Lymphokine-like activity and selective stimulation of B cell growth is exerted by a group of synthetic ribonucleosides derivatized at C8 and exemplified by 8-bromoguanosine (8BrGuo), 8-mercaptoguanosine, and 7-methyl-8-oxoguanosine. Here, it is demonstrated that, in contrast to naturally occurring nucleosides, 8BrGuo is not a substrate for salvage by purine nucleoside phosphorylase. The base that would be produced by putative phosphorolysis, 8-bromoguanine, is biol. inactive and is not a substrate for hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase. Inhibitors of purine nucleoside phosphorylase-mediated salvage fail to inhibit nucleoside-induced immunostimulation selectively. There is no direct evidence that 8BrGuo is phosphorylated by B lymphocytes. Direct enzymic phosphorylation does not seem to be essential to the mechanism of action of the nucleoside insofar as competitive inhibition of deoxycytidine kinase (an enzyme that directly phosphorylates purines as well as pyrimidines) or of deoxyguanosine kinase fails to inhibit 8BrGuo stimulation selectively. Studies with synthetic nucleosides in which 3′ and/or 5′ hydroxyl groups were irreversibly blocked, precluding their phosphorylation, demonstrated that immunol. activity can occur in the absence of 3′ and/or 5′ phosphorylation. Experiments with radiolabeled nucleosides provide no evidence to support the hypothesis that they are incorporated into cellular nucleic acid. Apparently, it is the unmetabolized nucleoside that is active and, as such, is most likely to act in a regulatory capacity.

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Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

COA of Formula: C13H20N4O2. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can also be classified according to the number of heteroatoms contained in the heterocycle: single heteroatom, two heteroatoms, three heteroatoms and four heteroatoms. Compound: 1-Hexyl-3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione, is researched, Molecular C13H20N4O2, CAS is 1028-33-7, about Absorption studies with purines. Part 1. In vitro determination with the Sartorius absorption model according to Stricker. Author is Heppt-Becker, I.; Schunack, W..

The diffusion constants of 8 alkylpurines across Sartorius membrane filters (as a model for the digestive tract), determined at various pH values, depended on the lipid solubility and polarity of the drugs, being greatest for the lipophilic 1-hexyltheobromine [1028-33-7] and lowest for the hydrophilic diprophylline (I) [479-18-5].

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Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

SDS of cas: 26218-78-0. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: Methyl 6-bromonicotinate, is researched, Molecular C7H6BrNO2, CAS is 26218-78-0, about Bistrifluoromethylated organocuprate [Ph4P]+[Cu(CF3)2]-: synthesis, characterization and its application for trifluoromethylation of activated heteroaryl bromides, chlorides and iodides. Author is Liu, He; Shen, Qilong.

The synthesis and characterization of a bistrifluoromethylated organocuprate [Ph4P]+[Cu(CF3)2]- and its reactions with a variety of activated heteroaryl bromides, chlorides and iodides were described. These results showed that complex [Ph4P]+[Cu(CF3)2]- can serve as a trifluoromethylating reagent.

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Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Viruses grown in the presence of base analogs. Specific alteration of susceptibility to inactivation by radiations, mutagens, and photodyes》. Authors are Thiry, Lise.The article about the compound:8-Bromoguaninecas:3066-84-0,SMILESS:NC(N1)=NC(NC(Br)=N2)=C2C1=O).Recommanded Product: 8-Bromoguanine. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:3066-84-0) is conveyed.

Newcastle disease (NDV) and Western equine encephalomyelitis (WEE) viruses, were grown in the presence of various base analogs, and their sensitivity to inactivation by nitrous acid, dimethyl sulfate, hydroxylamine, uv and visible light, as well as to photosensitization by several dyes was examined The slopes of the inactivation curves were compared with those obtained with normal viruses. Viruses grown in the presence of 2,6-diaminopurine or 5-aminouridine were specifically hypersensitized to nitrous acid; those grown in the presence of 6-thiopurines became sensitive to visible light. Growth in the presence of 6-azauridine, dihydrouracil, and, to a lesser degree, 6-azacytidine plus deoxycytidine, induced an increased resistance to uv light. This was paralleled by increased resistance to photosensitization by toluidine blue, neutral red, proflavine, and ethidium chloride, but not by methylene blue. An increased susceptibility to the action of the first 4 dyes was observed with viruses grown in the presence of 5-fluorouracil and 2-thiouracil at concentrations of the analogs which did not modify the viral susceptibility to uv light. Viruses formed in the presence of 8-azaguanine and 8-bromoguanine were hypersusceptible to dimethyl sulfate and methylene blue, reagents known to react preferentially with guanine. When inosine plus an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase was added to the growth medium, the progeny of infective particles was hypersusceptible to dimethyl sulfate. The results show that infectious virus particles with a modified nucleic acid were produced in the presence of the base analogs cited above. The specificity of the modifications found suggests that the analogs were incorporated per se in the nucleic acid chain of the virus.

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Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 3066-84-0, is researched, Molecular C5H4BrN5O, about 8-Mercaptoguanine Derivatives as Inhibitors of Dihydropteroate Synthase, the main research direction is mercaptoguanine derivative inhibitor dihydropteroate synthase crystal structure; DHPS; antibiotics; drug discovery; inhibitors; pterin; substrate-envelope hypothesis.Category: tetrahydrofurans.

Dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) is an enzyme of the folate biosynthesis pathway, which catalyzes the formation of 7,8-dihydropteroate (DHPt) from 6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropterin pyrophosphate (DHPPP) and para-aminobenzoic acid (pABA). DHPS is the long-standing target of the sulfonamide class of antibiotics that compete with pABA. In the wake of sulfa drug resistance, targeting the structurally rigid (and more conserved) pterin site has been proposed as an alternate strategy to inhibit DHPS in wild-type and sulfa drug resistant strains. Following the work on developing pterin-site inhibitors of the adjacent enzyme 6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropterin pyrophosphokinase (HPPK), we now present derivatives of 8-mercaptoguanine, a fragment that binds weakly within both enzymes, and quantify sub-μM binding using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to Escherichia coli DHPS (EcDHPS). Eleven ligand-bound EcDHPS crystal structures delineate the structure-activity relationship observed providing a structural framework for the rational development of novel, substrate-envelope-compliant DHPS inhibitors.

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Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

SDS of cas: 1028-33-7. The reaction of aromatic heterocyclic molecules with protons is called protonation. Aromatic heterocycles are more basic than benzene due to the participation of heteroatoms. Compound: 1-Hexyl-3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione, is researched, Molecular C13H20N4O2, CAS is 1028-33-7, about Prevention of side effects in electroshock therapy. Author is Jovanovic, U. J..

Female patients with endogenous psychoses, mostly with depressive symptoms, were treated with electroshock; some of them received 3 tablets of Cosaldon, containing 200 mg. 1-hexyl-3,7-dimethylxanthine and 50 mg. nicotinic acid/tablet, daily during therapy. For the group treated with Cosaldon the period of current flow necessary to induce convulsions was 2.57 sec. compared with 3.52 sec. in the untreated group. The average period of apnea and cyanosis in the treated group was 3.48 sec. compared with 25.2 sec. in the untreated. The frequency, amplitude, and α-wave rhythms of the electroencephalograms of Cosaldon-treated patients remained normal, and no convulsion-like or genuine convulsion elements were registered, while the electroencephalograms of untreated patients displayed moderate to serious changes. The protective mechanisms of Cosaldon for the brain during electroshock therapy are probably via inhibition of cerebral vascular spasms and anoxia. 66 references.

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Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Most of the compounds have physiologically active properties, and their biological properties are often attributed to the heteroatoms contained in their molecules, and most of these heteroatoms also appear in cyclic structures. A Journal, Zhongguo Tiaoweipin called A new method for synthesis of monomenthyl succinate, Author is Chen, Lei; Yan, Rian; Du, Shuxia; Huang, Caihuan; Duan, Hanying; Liu, Yanqiong, which mentions a compound: 77341-67-4, SMILESS is CC(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](C)C[C@H]1OC(=O)CCC(O)=O, Molecular C14H24O4, Recommanded Product: 4-(((1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl)oxy)-4-oxobutanoic acid.

The method is dissolving menthol and succinic anhydride in chloroform according to some proportion, and reacting under catalyzing by 4-DMAP at 50°C for 12 h, washing the product with saturated NaCl solution, then drying with anhydrous bitter salt and concentrating Monomenthyl succinate was obtained when the condensate was purified with silica gel chromatog. It’s m.p. is 61-63°C. Monomenthyl succinate was proved by IR spectrum and MS. New method for synthesis of monomenthyl succinate is provided by this research.

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Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem