Tag: M.W:200-300

The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Structure of the excretion products of 1-hexyl-3,7-dimethylxanthine》. Authors are Mohler, W.; Bletz, I.; Reiser, M..The article about the compound:1-Hexyl-3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dionecas:1028-33-7,SMILESS:CN1C=NC(N(C(N2CCCCCC)=O)C)=C1C2=O).Synthetic Route of C13H20N4O2. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:1028-33-7) is conveyed.

After addition of the title compound (I) to the urine of the rat, the rabbit, and man, four metabolites, 1-(5-oxohexyl) analog (II) of I, 1-(5-hydroxyhexyl) analog (III) of I, 1-(3-carboxypropyl) analog (IV) of I, and 1-(4,5-dihydroxy) derivative (V) of I, were detected. The structure of these metabolites were proved by chem. degradation and synthesis. Thus, for isolation and detection of the metabolites the urine was concentrated in vacuo, basified with alkali, and extracted continuously with CHCl3, the extract evaporated in vacuo and the brown sirup investigated by thin-layer chromatography. By chromatography on Al2O3 were obtained V, m. 157-60°, [α]21.5D -10.8° (H2O), Rf 0.20 (identified by comparison- and mixture-chromatography), III, m. 122-9°, and a little II, identified in the same manner. From the acidified urine IV, m. 220°, was extracted and precipitated by addition of MeOH. In crude glucuronide (prepared by precipitation with lead sulfide according to Kamil, et al., CA 46, 2653i), III and V could be detected only after addition of H2O, acetate buffer (pH 4.62), and β-glucuronidase (1250 Fishman units), and 8 hrs. incubation at 37° followed by extraction with CHCl3. In the aqueous phase was detected glucuronic acid (VI) by thin-layer chromatography. The carbazole reaction (Dische, CA 41, 3157h) proved the presence of free VI. Synthesis: To 11.7 g. 1 bromo-3-phenoxypropane in 100 ml. Et0H was dropped a solution of 9.5 g. theobromine and 2.1 g. NaOH in 50 ml. H2O with stirring and warming, refluxed 5 hrs., and evaporated in vacuo to obtain nearly 100% 1-(phenoxypropyl) derivative (VII) of I, m. 111-12° (EtOH). VII (61 g.) was refluxed with 300 ml. 48% HBr 5 hrs. to give 60% 1-(3-bromopropyl) analog (VIII) of I, m. 143-4° (MeOH). To 1.4 g. Na in 75 ml. absolute Et0H was added 7.8 g. AcCH2OEt and 18 g. VIII, refluxed 12 hrs., evaporated, the residue dissolved in H2O, extracted with CHCl3, the extract dried with Na2SO4, filtered, evaporated, the residue stirred with 72 ml. 5% NaOH, filtered, and acidified with 7.2 ml. half concentrated H2SO4 (CO2 evolution), boiled briefly, cooled, basified, extracted with CHCl3, and chromatographed (9:1 CHCl3EtOH) to give 2.4 g. II, m. 103° (iso-PrOH); 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone m. 200-1° (EtOH). Reduction of II with NaBH4 in MeOH gave 90% III, m. 124° (iso-PrOH). To 2 g. VIII was added 400 mg. KCN in aqueous alc. solution within 10 min. with stirring, refluxed 3 hrs., evaporated in vacuo, and the residue boiled with 48% HBr 3 hrs. to obtain 18% IV, m. 220° (H2O). IV was esterified with ethereal CH2N2 or by heating with 14% methanolic HCl to obtain 62% Me ester (IX) of IV, m. 102° (Et2O). IX refluxed with 20% HCl 2 hrs. gave IV. To 154.2 mg. V in 2 ml. H2O was added 166 mg. NaIO4 in 3 ml. H2O, the pH brought to 2.5 with H2SO4, the mixture kept 2 hrs. in a refrigerator, extracted with CHCl3, and Et2O added to obtain nearly 100% 1-(3-formylpropyl) analog (X) of I, m. 91-3°; p-nitrophenylhydrazone m. 211-12° (EtOH). X was oxidized with KMnO4 in dilute H2SO4 to give IV, m. 219-23°. VII warmed with Ac2O 12 hrs. on a water bath gave 65% diacetyl derivative (Xll) of V, m. 70°, solidified at 90° and m. 110° (Et2O). XII was kept 2 hrs. with dilute NaOH to give V, m. 157-60° (Me2CO). The metabolites were also identified by mixture m.ps. with corresponding synthetic products.

Different reactions of this compound(1-Hexyl-3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione)Synthetic Route of C13H20N4O2 require different conditions, so the reaction conditions are very important.

Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Synthetic Route of C14H24O4. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can also be classified according to the number of heteroatoms contained in the heterocycle: single heteroatom, two heteroatoms, three heteroatoms and four heteroatoms. Compound: 4-(((1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl)oxy)-4-oxobutanoic acid, is researched, Molecular C14H24O4, CAS is 77341-67-4, about The effect of various functional groups on mesophase behavior and optical property of blue phase liquid crystal compounds based on (-)-menthol. Author is Luo, Cong-Cong; Sun, Shu-Li; Wang, Yi-Su; Meng, Fan-Bao; Hu, Jian-She; Jia, Ying-Gang.

In order to explore the effect of various functional groups on the mesomorphic properties, a series of menthol-based blue phase liquid crystal compounds (A, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1, D2) with various core structures in the mols. were synthesized. Their chem. structures and phase behavior were characterized with FT-IR, 1H NMR, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and polarizing optical microscopy (POM). The selective reflection and photoisomerization were investigated with UV/visible (UV/VIS) spectrometer. In our case, all BPLCs showed oily streak texture with selectively reflection and blue phase (BP), irresp. of the structure of mesogenic cores. This demonstrated that (-)-menthol had high chirality, and via succinyloxy spacer group could drive mols. to arrangement in double twist cylinders of BP. The length-to-diameter ratio, the bridge bond in the aryl rings and the conjugate action in the mesogenic core had a significant effect on Tm, Ti and temperature range of BP. BPLC A without conjugated structure in three-benzene mesogenic core revealed a larger temperature range of BP than other BPLCs with conjugated structure.

Different reactions of this compound(4-(((1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl)oxy)-4-oxobutanoic acid)Synthetic Route of C14H24O4 require different conditions, so the reaction conditions are very important.

Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Quality Control of 8-Bromoguanine. The fused heterocycle is formed by combining a benzene ring with a single heterocycle, or two or more single heterocycles. Compound: 8-Bromoguanine, is researched, Molecular C5H4BrN5O, CAS is 3066-84-0, about Structural Basis for Promutagenicity of 8-Halogenated Guanine. Author is Koag, Myong-Chul; Min, Kyungjin; Lee, Seongmin.

8-Halogenated guanine (haloG), a major DNA adduct formed by reactive halogen species during inflammation, is a promutagenic lesion that promotes misincorporation of G opposite the lesion by various DNA polymerases. Currently, the structural basis for such misincorporation is unknown. To gain insights into the mechanism of misincorporation across haloG by polymerase, the authors determined seven x-ray structures of human DNA polymerase β (polβ) bound to DNA bearing 8-bromoguanine (BrG). The authors determined two pre-catalytic ternary complex structures of polβ with an incoming nonhydrolyzable dGTP or dCTP analog paired with templating BrG. The authors also determined five binary complex structures of polβ in complex with DNA containing BrG·C/T at post-insertion and post-extension sites. In the BrG·dGTP ternary structure, BrG adopts syn conformation and forms Hoogsteen base pairing with the incoming dGTP analog. In the BrG·dCTP ternary structure, BrG adopts anti conformation and forms Watson-Crick base pairing with the incoming dCTP analog. In addition, the authors’ polβ binary post-extension structures show Hoogsteen BrG·G base pair and Watson-Crick BrG·C base pair. Taken together, the first structures of haloG-containing DNA bound to a protein indicate that both BrG·G and BrG·C base pairs are accommodated in the active site of polβ. The authors’ structures suggest that Hoogsteen-type base pairing between G and C8-modified G could be accommodated in the active site of a DNA polymerase, promoting G to C mutation.

《Structural Basis for Promutagenicity of 8-Halogenated Guanine》 provides a strategy for the preparation of materials with excellent comprehensive properties, which is conducive to broaden the application field of this compound(8-Bromoguanine)Quality Control of 8-Bromoguanine.

Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

The chemical properties of alicyclic heterocycles are similar to those of the corresponding chain compounds. Compound: 8-Bromoguanine, is researched, Molecular C5H4BrN5O, CAS is 3066-84-0, about Electronic structure of nucleotide base antimetabolite-type possible anticarcinogens. II. Monosubstituted purines, adenines, and guanines, the main research direction is electronic structure purines; purines electronic structure; adenines electronic structure; guanines electronic structure.HPLC of Formula: 3066-84-0.

Charge distributions were calculated by the authors’ (1969) semiempirical SCF-LCAO-MO method for purine, substituted in the 2-, 6-, or 8-position by F, Cl, Br, I, OH, OMe, SH, NH2, Me, or CO2H; adenine similarly substituted in the 2- or 8-position; and guanine similarly substituted in the 8-position. Substitution of CO2H in the 2-position of adenine and the 8-position of guanine affected the charge distribution of the whole mol. Other substitutions in the 8-position had little effect on the charge d. of the 9-position.

《Electronic structure of nucleotide base antimetabolite-type possible anticarcinogens. II. Monosubstituted purines, adenines, and guanines》 provides a strategy for the preparation of materials with excellent comprehensive properties, which is conducive to broaden the application field of this compound(8-Bromoguanine)HPLC of Formula: 3066-84-0.

Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Epoxy compounds usually have stronger nucleophilic ability, because the alkyl group on the oxygen atom makes the bond angle smaller, which makes the lone pair of electrons react more dissimilarly with the electron-deficient system. Compound: 1-Hexyl-3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione, is researched, Molecular C13H20N4O2, CAS is 1028-33-7, about Structure-activity relationship of xanthines and skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor/Ca2+ release channel.Application of 1028-33-7.

Caffeine activates in the millimolar range the skeletal muscle Ca2+ release channel (ryanodine receptor). Xanthine analogs substituted in the 1, 3, 7, 8, and 9 positions were tested for their capacity to increase [3H]ryanodine binding to skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles enriched in Ca2+ release activity and ryanodine receptor content. Of the 30 xanthines tested, 9 were more effective than caffeine in increasing [3H]ryanodine binding. The 7-Me group of caffeine was most important for activating the ryanodine receptor, followed by the Me groups in the 1 and 3 positions. An increase in hydrophobicity of the side chains in positions 7, 1, and 3 enhanced the ability of xanthines to activate the ryanodine receptor. Substitutions in positions 8 and 9 were without or with inhibitory effect.

《Structure-activity relationship of xanthines and skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor/Ca2+ release channel》 provides a strategy for the preparation of materials with excellent comprehensive properties, which is conducive to broaden the application field of this compound(1-Hexyl-3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione)Application of 1028-33-7.

Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic.Manlove, Amelia H.; McKibbin, Paige L.; Doyle, Emily L.; Majumdar, Chandrima; Hamm, Michelle L.; David, Sheila S. researched the compound: 8-Bromoguanine( cas:3066-84-0 ).Application In Synthesis of 8-Bromoguanine.They published the article 《Structure-Activity Relationships Reveal Key Features of 8-Oxoguanine: A Mismatch Detection by the MutY Glycosylase》 about this compound( cas:3066-84-0 ) in ACS Chemical Biology. Keywords: oxoguanine adenine base pair mismatch recognition MutY DNA glycosylase. We’ll tell you more about this compound (cas:3066-84-0).

Base excision repair glycosylases locate and remove damaged based in DNA with remarkable specificity. The MutY glycosylases, unusual for their excision of undamaged adenines mispaired to the oxidized base 8-oxoguanine (OG), must recognize both bases of the mispair in order to prevent promutagenic activity. Moreover, MutY must effectively find OG:A mismatches within the context of highly abundant and structurally similar T:A base-pairs. Very little is known about the factors that initiate MutY’s interaction with the substrate when it first encounters an intrahelical OG:A mispair, or about the order of recognition checkpoints. Here we used structure-activity relationships (SAR) to investigate the features that influence the in vitro measured parameters of mismatch affinity and adenine base excision efficiency by E. coli MutY. We evaluated the impacts of the same substrate alterations on MutY-mediated repair in a cellular context. Our results show that MutY relies strongly on the presence of the OG base and recognizes multiple structural features at different stages of recognition and catalysis to insure that only inappropriately mispaired adenines are excised. Notably, some OG modifications resulted in more dramatic reductions in cellular repair than in the in vitro kinetic parameters, indicating their importance for initial recognition events needed to locate the mismatch within DNA. Indeed, the initial encounter of MutY with its target base pair may rely on specific interactions with the 2-amino group of OG in the major groove, a feature that distinguishes OG:A from T:A base-pairs. These results furthermore suggest that inefficient substrate location in human MutY homolog variants may prove predictive for the early-onset colorectal cancer phenotype known as MUTYH-Associated Polyposis, or MAP.

《Structure-Activity Relationships Reveal Key Features of 8-Oxoguanine: A Mismatch Detection by the MutY Glycosylase》 provides a strategy for the preparation of materials with excellent comprehensive properties, which is conducive to broaden the application field of this compound(8-Bromoguanine)Application In Synthesis of 8-Bromoguanine.

Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Name: 8-Bromoguanine. The protonation of heteroatoms in aromatic heterocycles can be divided into two categories: lone pairs of electrons are in the aromatic ring conjugated system; and lone pairs of electrons do not participate. Compound: 8-Bromoguanine, is researched, Molecular C5H4BrN5O, CAS is 3066-84-0, about Polarographic investigation of halogen atom mobility in the halosubstituted components of nucleic acids. Author is Kadysh, V. P.; Kaminskii, Yu. L.; Rumyantseva, L. N.; Efimova, V. L.; Stradinsh, J. P..

Reduction potentials for a series of bromo and iodo derivatives of nucleic acid components were determined in buffered solutions (pH 1.0, concentration 5 × 10-4 M/L) in an interval of -0.5…-1.8 V. Iodo derivatives were more easily reduced (500-800 MV) than the corresponding bromo derivatives

《Polarographic investigation of halogen atom mobility in the halosubstituted components of nucleic acids》 provides a strategy for the preparation of materials with excellent comprehensive properties, which is conducive to broaden the application field of this compound(8-Bromoguanine)Name: 8-Bromoguanine.

Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

The three-dimensional configuration of the ester heterocycle is basically the same as that of the carbocycle. Compound: 1-Hexyl-3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione(SMILESS: CN1C=NC(N(C(N2CCCCCC)=O)C)=C1C2=O,cas:1028-33-7) is researched.Reference of 2-Amino-5-chlorobenzaldehyde. The article 《Qualitative organic analysis. Part 3. Identification of drugs and their metabolites by PCA of standardized TLC data》 in relation to this compound, is published in Journal of Planar Chromatography–Modern TLC. Let’s take a look at the latest research on this compound (cas:1028-33-7).

Principal components anal. (PCA) of standardized RF values of 443 drugs and their metabolites present in urine and blood samples chromatographed with four sheet systems provided a two-component model accounting for 70.8% of the total variance. The “”scores”” plot enabled either identification, or restriction of the range of inquiry to few candidates. This simple, cheap and fast anal. method is of vital importance in the identification of an unknown drug in cases of overdose intoxication or poisoning.

Different reactions of this compound(1-Hexyl-3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione)Name: 1-Hexyl-3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione require different conditions, so the reaction conditions are very important.

Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: 4-(((1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl)oxy)-4-oxobutanoic acid( cas:77341-67-4 ) is researched.Electric Literature of C14H24O4.Omata, Tetsuo; Iwamoto, Noritada; Kimura, Tomio; Tanaka, Atsuo; Fukui, Saburo published the article 《Stereoselective hydrolysis of dl-menthyl succinate by gel-entrapped Rhodotorula minuta var. texensis cells in organic solvent》 about this compound( cas:77341-67-4 ) in European Journal of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. Keywords: heptane menthol succinate Rhodotorula; polyurethane menthol succinate Rhodotorula; resolution menthol succinate Rhodotorula. Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:77341-67-4).

The compound dl-menthyl succinate [75363-56-3] was hydrolyzed stereoselectively by R. minuta texensis cells trapped in photo-crosslinked or polyurethane resin gels in water-saturated n-heptane [142-82-5]. The hydrolyzed product was pure l-menthol [2216-51-5]. The catalytic activity of the immobilized cells, especially those trapped in urethane polymers, was far more stable than that of the free cells. The 1/2-life of the polyurethane-entrapped cells was 55-63 days in the organic solvent.

Different reactions of this compound(4-(((1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl)oxy)-4-oxobutanoic acid)Electric Literature of C14H24O4 require different conditions, so the reaction conditions are very important.

Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

McLean, Liam A.; Ashford, Matthew W.; Fyfe, James W. B.; Slawin, Alexandra M. Z.; Leach, Andrew G.; Watson, Allan J. B. published an article about the compound: Methyl 6-bromonicotinate( cas:26218-78-0,SMILESS:C1=NC(=CC=C1C(=O)OC)Br ).Computed Properties of C7H6BrNO2. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be classified according to the number of heteroatoms or the size of the ring. The authors also want to convey more information about this compound (cas:26218-78-0) through the article.

We report a method for the synthesis of chiral vicinal chloroamines via asym. protonation of catalytically generated prochiral chloroenamines using chiral Bronsted acids. The process is highly enantioselective, with the origin of asymmetry and catalyst substituent effects elucidated by DFT calculations We show the utility of the method as an approach to the synthesis of a broad range of heterocycle-substituted aziridines by treatment of the chloroamines with base in a one-pot process, as well as the utility of the process to allow access to vicinal diamines.

Different reactions of this compound(Methyl 6-bromonicotinate)Computed Properties of C7H6BrNO2 require different conditions, so the reaction conditions are very important.

Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem