Tag: 251.2419

Cordycepin, a metabolite of Cordyceps militaris, reduces immune-related gene expression in insects was written by Woolley, Victoria C.;Teakle, Graham R.;Prince, Gillian;de Moor, Cornelia H.;Chandler, David. And the article was included in Journal of Invertebrate Pathology in 2020.Electric Literature of C10H13N5O3 This article mentions the following:

Hypocrealean entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) (Sordariomycetes, Ascomycota) are natural regulators of insect populations in terrestrial environments. Their obligately-killing life-cycle means that there is likely to be strong selection pressure for traits that allow them to evade the effects of the host immune system. In this study, we quantified the effects of cordycepin (3′-deoxyadenosine), a secondary metabolite produced by Cordyceps militaris (Hypocreales, Cordycipitaceae), on insect susceptibility to EPF infection and on insect immune gene expression. Application of the immune stimulant curdlan (20μg ml^-1, linear beta-1,3-glucan, a constituent of fungal cell walls) to Drosophila melanogaster S2r+ cells resulted in a significant increase in the expression of the immune effector gene metchnikowin compared to a DMSO-only control, but there was no significant increase when curdlan was co-applied with 25μg ml^-1 cordycepin dissolved in DMSO. Injection of cordycepin into larvae of Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) resulted in dose-dependent mortality (LC₅₀ of cordycepin = 2.1 mg per insect 6 days after treatment). Incubating conidia of C. militaris and Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales, Cordycipitaceae; an EPF that does not synthesize cordycepin) with 3.0 mg ml^-1 cordycepin had no effect on the numbers of conidia germinating in vitro. Co-injection of G. mellonella with a low concentration of cordycepin (3.0 mg ml^-1) plus 10 or 100 conidia per insect of C. militaris or B. bassiana caused a significant decrease in insect median survival time compared to injection with the EPF on their own. Anal. of predicted vs. observed mortalities indicated a synergistic interaction between cordycepin and the EPF. The injection of C. militaris and B. bassiana into G. mellonella resulted in increased expression of the insect immune effector genes lysozyme, IMPI and gallerimycin at 72 h post injection, but this did not occur when the EPF were co-injected with 3.0 mg ml^-1 cordycepin. In addition, we observed increased expression of IMPI and lysozyme at 48 h after injection with C. militaris, B. bassiana and sham injection (indicating a wounding response), but this was also prevented by application of cordycepin. These results suggest that cordycepin has potential to act as a suppressor of the immune response during fungal infection of insect hosts. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3R,5S)-2-(6-Amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-ol (cas: 73-03-0Electric Literature of C10H13N5O3).

(2R,3R,5S)-2-(6-Amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-ol (cas: 73-03-0) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. Tetrahydrofuran and dihydrofuran form the basic structural unit of many naturally occurring scaffolds like gambieric acid A and ciguatoxin, goniocin, and some biologically active molecules. Oxidations have also proved to be valuable and efficient approaches to chiral tetrahydrofuran derivatives.Electric Literature of C10H13N5O3

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Cordycepin induces apoptosis in human tongue cancer cells in vitro and has antitumor effects in vivo was written by Zheng, Qingwei;Sun, Jing;Li, Wenli;Li, Shuangnan;Zhang, Kai. And the article was included in Archives of Oral Biology in 2020.Application of 73-03-0 This article mentions the following:

This study was designed to explore the ability of cordycepin to disrupt human tongue cancer cell growth, and to assess the mechanistic basis for such anti-cancer activity. CAL-27 human tongue cancer cells were treated with cordycepin prior to anal. via CCK-8 assay in order to assess their proliferation. In addition, cell cycle progression and apoptotic death in these cells were measured via flow cytometry, while the expression of apoptosis-associated genes and proteins (caspase-3, caspase-9, caspase-12, Bcl-2, and Bax) were measured via real-time PCR and western blotting. Cordycepin was able to significantly suppress the proliferation of CAL-27 cells in a dose-dependent fashion (IC₅₀ = 40μg/mL at 24 h). Cordycepin further induced Bax, caspase-3, caspase-9, and caspase-12 upregulation at the mRNA and protein levels while simultaneously downregulating anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression. CAL-27 cells treated using cordycepin also exhibited elevated levels of intracellular ROS. Importantly, cordycepin was able to effectively suppress tongue cancer tumor growth in a murine xenograft model system and similar mRNA and protein levels were observed in vivo. Cordycepin can inhibit human tongue cancer cell growth and can drive their apoptotic death via the mitochondrial pathway. In addition, cordycepin can suppress tongue cancer growth in vivo in treated mice. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3R,5S)-2-(6-Amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-ol (cas: 73-03-0Application of 73-03-0).

(2R,3R,5S)-2-(6-Amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-ol (cas: 73-03-0) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. Solid acid catalysis, and the advantages often associated with their use, have been proved equally efficient for the synthesis of tetrahydrofurans or furans. Tetrahydrofuran can also be produced, or synthesised, via catalytic hydrogenation of furan. This process involves converting certain sugars into THF by digesting to furfural. An alternative to this method is the catalytic hydrogenation of furan with a nickel catalyst.Application of 73-03-0

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem