Category: 3094-09-5

Sensitive high-throughput assays for tumour burden reveal the response of a Drosophila melanogaster model of colorectal cancer to standard chemotherapies was written by Adams, Jamie;Casali, Andreu;Campbell, Kyra. And the article was included in International Journal of Molecular Sciences in 2021.Related Products of 3094-09-5 This article mentions the following:

Drosophila melanogaster (Drosophila) models of cancer are emerging as powerful tools to investigate the basic mechanisms underlying tumor progression and identify novel therapeutics. Rapid and inexpensive, it is possible to carry out genetic and drug screens at a far larger scale than in vertebrate organisms. Such whole-organism-based drug screens permits assessment of drug absorption and toxicity, reducing the possibility of false positives. Activating mutations in the Wnt and Ras signalling pathways are common in many epithelial cancers, and when driven in the adult Drosophila midgut, it induces aggressive intestinal tumor-like outgrowths that recapitulate many aspects of human colorectal cancer (CRC). Here we have taken a Drosophila CRC model in which tumorous cells are marked with both GFP and luciferase reporter genes, and developed novel high-throughput assays for quantifying tumor burden. Leveraging these assays, we find that the Drosophila CRC model responds rapidly to treatment with standard CRC-drugs, opening the door to future rapid genetic and drug screens. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (cas: 3094-09-5Related Products of 3094-09-5).

1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (cas: 3094-09-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. THF (Tetrahydrofuran) is a stable compound with relatively low boiling point and excellent solvency. It is more basic than diethyl ether and forms stronger complexes with Li+, Mg2+, and boranes. It is a popular solvent for hydroboration reactions and for organometallic compounds such as organolithium and Grignard reagents.Related Products of 3094-09-5

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Exploring the intracellular pharmacokinetics of the 5-fluorouracil nucleotides during capecitabine treatment was written by Derissen, Ellen J. B.;Jacobs, Bart A. W.;Huitema, Alwin D. R.;Rosing, Hilde;Schellens, Jan H. M.;Beijnen, Jos H.. And the article was included in British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology in 2016.Formula: C9H11FN2O5 This article mentions the following:

Aim : Three intracellularly formed metabolites are responsible for the antineoplastic effect of capecitabine: 5-fluorouridine 5′-triphosphate (FUTP), 5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine 5′-triphosphate (FdUTP), and 5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine 5′-monophosphate (FdUMP). The objective of this study was to explore the pharmacokinetics of these intracellular metabolites during capecitabine treatment. Methods : Serial plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples were collected from 13 patients treated with capecitabine 1000 mg QD (group A) and eight patients receiving capecitabine 850 mg m^-2 BID for fourteen days, every three weeks (group B). Samples were collected on day 1 and, for four patients of group B, also on day 14. The capecitabine and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) plasma concentrations and intracellular metabolite concentrations were determined using LC-MS/MS. Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using non-compartmental anal. Results : Only FUTP could be measured in the PBMC samples. The FdUTP and FdUMP concentrations were below the detection limits (LOD). No significant correlation was found between the plasma 5-FU and intracellular FUTP exposure. The FUTP concentration-time profiles demonstrated considerable inter-individual variation and accumulation of the metabolite in PBMCs. FUTP levels ranged between <LOD and 1.0 μM on day 1, and from 0.64 to 14 μM on day 14. The area under the FUTP concentration-time curve was significantly increased on day 14 of the treatment compared to day 1 (mean ± SD: 28 ± 19 μM h vs. 2.0 ± 1.9 μM h). Conclusions : To our knowledge, this is the first time that intracellular FUTP concentrations were measured in patients treated with capecitabine. During 14 days of treatment with capecitabine twice daily, intracellular accumulation of FUTP occurs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (cas: 3094-09-5Formula: C9H11FN2O5).

1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (cas: 3094-09-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. Tetrahydrofurans and furans are important oxygen-containing heterocycles that often exhibit interesting properties for biological applications or applications in the cosmetic industry. THF (Tetrahydrofuran) is also used as a starting material for the synthesis of poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol (PTMG), etc.Formula: C9H11FN2O5

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Enhanced efficacy of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer: results from a phase 3 randomized trial (AMC0101) was written by Kang, Yoon-Koo;Yook, Jeong Hwan;Chang, Heung-Moon;Ryu, Min-Hee;Yoo, Changhoon;Zang, Dae Young;Lee, Jae-Lyun;Kim, Tae Won;Yang, Dae Hyun;Jang, Se Jin;Park, Young Soo;Lee, Young Jack;Jung, Hwoon-Yong;Kim, Jin-Ho;Kim, Byung Sik. And the article was included in Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology in 2014.Safety of 1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione This article mentions the following:

Purpose: To improve the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy with mitomycin-C and fluoropyrimidine (Mf) in gastric cancer, we designed a new regimen (iceMFP) and investigated in a phase III study. Methods: We randomly assigned 640 patients with resectable and macroscopically recognizable serosa-invading gastric cancer to Mf or iceMFP group during operation. The Mf consisted of i.v. mitomycin-C (20 mg/m²) at 3-6 wk after surgery and oral doxifluridine (460-600 mg/m²/day) starting 4 wk after the administration of mitomycin-C and continuing for 3 mo. The iceMFP consisted of intraoperative i.p. cisplatin (100 mg), i.v. mitomycin-C (15 mg/m²) on postoperative day 1, followed by oral doxifluridine for 12 mo, and six monthly i.v. cisplatin (60 mg/m²). The primary endpoint was 3-yr recurrence-free survival (RFS). Results: A total of 521 patients (258 in Mf, 263 in iceMFP) were eligible for anal. after excluding patients with stage I disease, distant metastasis, or R1 resection. With a median follow-up of 3.5 years, the iceMFP group had a higher RFS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.70; 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.54-0.90; p = 0.006; 3-yr RFS 60 % vs. 50 %) and overall survival (HR 0.71; 95 % CI 0.53-0.95; p = 0.02; 3-yr overall survival, 71 vs. 60 %) compared with the Mf group. This was confirmed at extension anal. after a median 6.6 years of follow-up. Both regimens were well tolerated with no differences in surgical complications. Conclusion: The efficacy of adjuvant Mf was significantly improved by the addnl. therapeutic strategies of iceMFP. Considering neg. results of AMC0201, these suggest that early initiation of chemotherapy and/or i.p. cisplatin played a distinct role in the improved efficacy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (cas: 3094-09-5Safety of 1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione).

1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (cas: 3094-09-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. THF (Tetrahydrofuran) is water-miscible and has a low viscosity making it a highly versatile solvent used in a variety of industries. Commercial tetrahydrofuran contains substantial water that must be removed for sensitive operations, e.g. those involving organometallic compounds. Although tetrahydrofuran is traditionally dried by distillation from an aggressive desiccant, molecular sieves are superior.Safety of 1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Performance and efficiency of removal of pharmaceutical compounds from hospital wastewater by lab-scale biological treatment system was written by Azuma, Takashi;Otomo, Kana;Kunitou, Mari;Shimizu, Mai;Hosomaru, Kaori;Mikata, Shiori;Mino, Yoshiki;Hayashi, Tetsuya. And the article was included in Environmental Science and Pollution Research in 2018.Related Products of 3094-09-5 This article mentions the following:

The fate of pharmaceuticals after discharged from hospital into wastewater was clarified exptl. by using a new lab-scale conventional activated sludge (CAS) treatment reactor. The 43 target compounds belong to nine therapeutic classes (antivirals, antibacterials, anticancer drugs, psychotropics, antihypertensives, analgesic-antipyretics, contrast media, herbal medicines, and phytoestrogens) were selected with inclusion of 16 newly estimated compounds The efficiency of the present reactor was estimated by comparing the reaction rate constant of the solid-water partition coefficients (log K_d) between liquid and solid samples and half-life during 48-h experiment obtained by using hospital effluents with those obtained by using STP wastewater. The results that no significant difference in removal efficiency was observed between both water samples (P > 0.05) indicate high reliability of the present lab-scale reactor. The actual rates of removal when hospital effluent was applied varied widely (mean, 59 ± 40%) independent of type of the pharmaceuticals. More than 90% of 17 compounds were removed after 8 h of treatment. However, the values for psychotropics (mean, 19 ± 26%) and contrast media (mean, 24 ± 17%) were generally low, indicating high stability. The log K_d values ranged from 1.3 to 4.8. Notably, clarithromycin, acridine, and glycitein could be removed in both liquid and solid phases. The dominant removal mechanisms were found to be different for individual pharmaceutical. These results suggest the effectiveness of introduction of the lab-scale biol. treatment system for development of a new solution for discharge of pharmaceuticals from hospital. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (cas: 3094-09-5Related Products of 3094-09-5).

1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (cas: 3094-09-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. Solid acid catalysis, and the advantages often associated with their use, have been proved equally efficient for the synthesis of tetrahydrofurans or furans. Tetrahydrofuran can also be produced, or synthesised, via catalytic hydrogenation of furan. This process involves converting certain sugars into THF by digesting to furfural. An alternative to this method is the catalytic hydrogenation of furan with a nickel catalyst.Related Products of 3094-09-5

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Molecular marker identification for relapse prediction in 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy in gastric and colorectal cancers was written by Ishida, Kazushige;Nishizuka, Satoshi S.;Chiba, Takehiro;Ikeda, Miyuki;Kume, Kohei;Endo, Fumitaka;Katagiri, Hirokatsu;Matsuo, Teppei;Noda, Hironobu;Iwaya, Takeshi;Yamada, Noriyuki;Fujiwara, Hisataka;Takahashi, Masanori;Itabashi, Tetsuya;Uesugi, Noriyuki;Maesawa, Chihaya;Tamura, Gen;Sugai, Tamotsu;Otsuka, Koki;Koeda, Keisuke;Wakabayashi, Go. And the article was included in PLoS One in 2012.Application of 3094-09-5 This article mentions the following:

To confirm the clin. significance of NF-κB and JNK protein expression from exptl. identified candidates for predicting prognosis for patients with 5-FU treatment, we evaluated the protein expression of surgically removed specimens. A total of 79 specimens were obtained from 30 gastric and 49 colorectal cancer patients who underwent R0 resection followed by postoperative 5-FU based adjuvant chemotherapy. Immunohistochem. examinations of NF-κB and JNK on tissue microarrays (TMAs) revealed that significantly shorter time-to-relapse (TTR) in both NF-κB(+) and JNK(-) subgroups in both gastric (NF-κB(+), p = 0.0002, HR11.7, 95%CI3 3.2-43.4; JNK(-), p = 0.0302, HR4.4, 95%CI 1.2-16.6) and colon (NF-κB(+), p = 0.0038, HR36.9, 95%CI 3.2-426.0; JNK(-), p = 0.0098, HR3.2, 95%CI 1.3-7.7) cancers. These protein expression patterns also show strong discriminately power in gastric cancer patients for overall survival rate, suggesting a potential utility as prognostic or chemosensitivity markers. Baseline expression of these proteins using gastric cancer cell lines demonstrated the reciprocal patterns between NF-κB and JNK, while 5-FU exposure of these cell lines only induced NF-κB, suggesting that NF-κB plays a dominant role in the response to 5-FU. Subsequent siRNA experiments confirmed that gene knockdown of NF-κB increased 5-FU-specific sensitivity, whereas that of JNK did not affect the chemosensitivity. These results suggest that the expression of these proteins may aid in the decisions involved with adjuvant chemotherapy for gastrointestinal tract cancers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (cas: 3094-09-5Application of 3094-09-5).

1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (cas: 3094-09-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. Solid acid catalysis, and the advantages often associated with their use, have been proved equally efficient for the synthesis of tetrahydrofurans or furans. Oxidations have also proved to be valuable and efficient approaches to chiral tetrahydrofuran derivatives.Application of 3094-09-5

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Off and back-on again: a tumor suppressor’s tale was written by Acosta, Jonuelle;Wang, Walter;Feldser, David M.. And the article was included in Oncogene in 2018.Reference of 3094-09-5 This article mentions the following:

Tumor suppressor genes play critical roles orchestrating anti-cancer programs that are both context dependent and mechanistically diverse. Beyond canonical tumor suppressive programs that control cell division, cell death, and genome stability, unexpected tumor suppressor gene activities that regulate metabolism, immune surveillance, the epigenetic landscape, and others have recently emerged. This diversity underscores the important roles these genes play in maintaining cellular homeostasis to suppress cancer initiation and progression, but also highlights a tremendous challenge in discerning precise context-specific programs of tumor suppression controlled by a given tumor suppressor. Fortunately, the rapid sophistication of genetically engineered mouse models of cancer has begun to shed light on these context-dependent tumor suppressor activities. By using techniques that not only toggle “off” tumor suppressor genes in nascent tumors, but also facilitate the timely restoration of gene function “back-on again” in disease specific contexts, precise mechanisms of tumor suppression can be revealed in an unbiased manner. This review discusses the development and implementation of genetic systems designed to toggle tumor suppressor genes off and back-on again and their potential to uncover the tumor suppressor’s tale. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (cas: 3094-09-5Reference of 3094-09-5).

1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (cas: 3094-09-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. Tetrahydrofuran (THF), or oxolane, is mainly used as a precursor to polymers. Being polar and having a wide liquid range, THF is a versatile solvent. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is primarily used as a precursor to polymers including for surface coating, adhesives, and printing inks.Reference of 3094-09-5

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

¹⁹ F MRSI of capecitabine in the liver at 7 T using broadband transmit-receive antennas and dual-band RF pulses was written by van Gorp, Jetse S.;Seevinck, Peter R.;Andreychenko, Anna;Raaijmakers, Alexander J. E.;Luijten, Peter R.;Viergever, Max A.;Koopman, Miriam;Boer, Vincent O.;Klomp, Dennis W. J.. And the article was included in NMR in Biomedicine in 2015.Reference of 3094-09-5 This article mentions the following:

Capecitabine (Cap) is an often prescribed chemotherapeutic agent, successfully used to cure some patients from cancer or reduce tumor burden for palliative care. However, the efficacy of the drug is limited, it is not known in advance who will respond to the drug and it can come with severe toxicity. ¹⁹ F Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI) have been used to non-invasively study Cap metabolism in vivo to find a marker for personalized treatment. In vivo detection, however, is hampered by low concentrations and the use of radiofrequency (RF) surface coils limiting spatial coverage. In this work, the use of a 7T MR system with radiative multi-channel transmit-receive antennas was investigated with the aim of maximizing the sensitivity and spatial coverage of ¹⁹ F detection protocols. The antennas were broadband optimized to facilitate both the ¹H (298 MHz) and ¹⁹ F (280 MHz) frequencies for accurate shimming, imaging and signal combination. B₁⁺ simulations, phantom and noise measurements showed that more than 90% of the theor. maximum sensitivity could be obtained when using B₁⁺ and B₁^– information provided at the ¹H frequency for the optimization of B₁⁺ and B₁^– at the ¹⁹ F frequency. Furthermore, to overcome the limits in maximum available RF power, while ensuring simultaneous excitation of all detectable conversion products of Cap, a dual-band RF pulse was designed and evaluated. Finally, ¹⁹ F MRS(I) measurements were performed to detect ¹⁹ F metabolites in vitro and in vivo. In two patients, at 10 h (patient 1) and 1 h (patient 2) after Cap intake, ¹⁹ F metabolites were detected in the liver and the surrounding organs, illustrating the potential of the set-up for in vivo detection of metabolic rates and drug distribution in the body. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (cas: 3094-09-5Reference of 3094-09-5).

1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (cas: 3094-09-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives.Tetrahydrofuran has many industry uses as a solvent including in natural and synthetic resins, high polymers, fat oils, rubber, polymer. Commercial tetrahydrofuran contains substantial water that must be removed for sensitive operations, e.g. those involving organometallic compounds. Although tetrahydrofuran is traditionally dried by distillation from an aggressive desiccant, molecular sieves are superior.Reference of 3094-09-5

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

¹⁹ F MRSI of capecitabine in the liver at 7 T using broadband transmit-receive antennas and dual-band RF pulses was written by van Gorp, Jetse S.;Seevinck, Peter R.;Andreychenko, Anna;Raaijmakers, Alexander J. E.;Luijten, Peter R.;Viergever, Max A.;Koopman, Miriam;Boer, Vincent O.;Klomp, Dennis W. J.. And the article was included in NMR in Biomedicine in 2015.Reference of 3094-09-5 This article mentions the following:

Capecitabine (Cap) is an often prescribed chemotherapeutic agent, successfully used to cure some patients from cancer or reduce tumor burden for palliative care. However, the efficacy of the drug is limited, it is not known in advance who will respond to the drug and it can come with severe toxicity. ¹⁹ F Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI) have been used to non-invasively study Cap metabolism in vivo to find a marker for personalized treatment. In vivo detection, however, is hampered by low concentrations and the use of radiofrequency (RF) surface coils limiting spatial coverage. In this work, the use of a 7T MR system with radiative multi-channel transmit-receive antennas was investigated with the aim of maximizing the sensitivity and spatial coverage of ¹⁹ F detection protocols. The antennas were broadband optimized to facilitate both the ¹H (298 MHz) and ¹⁹ F (280 MHz) frequencies for accurate shimming, imaging and signal combination. B₁⁺ simulations, phantom and noise measurements showed that more than 90% of the theor. maximum sensitivity could be obtained when using B₁⁺ and B₁^– information provided at the ¹H frequency for the optimization of B₁⁺ and B₁^– at the ¹⁹ F frequency. Furthermore, to overcome the limits in maximum available RF power, while ensuring simultaneous excitation of all detectable conversion products of Cap, a dual-band RF pulse was designed and evaluated. Finally, ¹⁹ F MRS(I) measurements were performed to detect ¹⁹ F metabolites in vitro and in vivo. In two patients, at 10 h (patient 1) and 1 h (patient 2) after Cap intake, ¹⁹ F metabolites were detected in the liver and the surrounding organs, illustrating the potential of the set-up for in vivo detection of metabolic rates and drug distribution in the body. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (cas: 3094-09-5Reference of 3094-09-5).

1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (cas: 3094-09-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives.Tetrahydrofuran has many industry uses as a solvent including in natural and synthetic resins, high polymers, fat oils, rubber, polymer. Commercial tetrahydrofuran contains substantial water that must be removed for sensitive operations, e.g. those involving organometallic compounds. Although tetrahydrofuran is traditionally dried by distillation from an aggressive desiccant, molecular sieves are superior.Reference of 3094-09-5

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem