Category: 13031-04-4

In homogeneous catalysis, the catalyst is in the same phase as the reactant. The number of collisions between reactants and catalyst is at a maximum.In a patent, 13031-04-4, name is 4,4-Dimethyldihydrofuran-2,3-dione, introducing its new discovery. Reference of 13031-04-4

Various alpha-ketocarbonyl compounds were obtained in excellent yields under mild condition from the reaction of the corresponding alpha-hydroxycarbonyl compounds with sodium hypobromite in the presence of HCl catalyst.

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Reference：
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Safety of 4,4-Dimethyldihydrofuran-2,3-dione, Chemical engineers work across a number of sectors, processes differ within each of these areas, but chemistry and chemical engineering roles are found throughout, and are directly involved in the manufacturing process of chemical products and materials.

Triphenylphosphine-carbon tetrahalide reagent reacts with 4,4-dimethyloxolan-2,3-dione to afford two dihalomethyleneoxolanes, 8 and 9.The major reaction course can be changed by the addition order of the reagents.Reaction mechanisms are discussed.

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Related Products of 13031-04-4, In chemical reaction engineering, simulations are useful for investigating and optimizing a particular reaction process or system.

Drug-lead synthesis through rapid construction of chiral molecular complexity around the biologically relevant framework using a highly efficient strategy is a key goal of organic synthesis. Molecules bearing a spirooxindole-type framework exhibit important bioactivities. Herein, we present a highly efficient and convenient strategy that allows rapid construction of unique optically active spiro[oxazoline-3,3?-oxindole]s through the organocatalyzed asymmetric synthesis of spirocyclic thiocarbamates via an aldol reaction. Preliminary biological evaluation of several of the spirooxazolines using a model of acute neuroinflammation revealed promising antipyretic activity and provided an opportunity to discover new antipyretic agents.

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Reference：
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Application of 13031-04-4, Chemistry is the science of change. But why do chemical reactions take place? Why do chemicals react with each other? The answer is in thermodynamics and kinetics.In a document type is Article, and a compound is mentioned, 13031-04-4, 4,4-Dimethyldihydrofuran-2,3-dione, introducing its new discovery.

Syntheses of new easily accessible chiral alkylarylamidophosphinephosphinite chelating ligands are described. Their rhodium complexes [Rh(L2*)Cl]2 are highly effective precursors for the catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation of functionalized ketones. Ketopantoyllactone and N-benzylphenyl glyoxamide are converted to the corresponding alcohols up to 96 and 79.6% ee respectively.

Each elementary reaction can be described in terms of its molecularity, the number of molecules that collide in that step. The slowest step in a reaction mechanism is the rate-determining step.you can also check out more blogs about 13031-04-4. Application of 13031-04-4

Reference：
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Chemistry graduates have much scope to use their knowledge in a range of research sectors, including roles within chemical engineering, chemical and related industries, healthcare and more. Computed Properties of C6H8O3

Two conjugated polyketone reductases (CPRs) were isolated from Candida parapsilosis IFO 0708. The primary structures of CPRs (C1 and C2) were analyzed by amino acid sequencing. The amino acid sequences of both enzymes had high similarity to those of several proteins of the aldo-keto-reductase (AKR) superfamily. However, several amino acid residues in the putative active sites of AKRs were not conserved in CPRs-C1 and -C2.

A catalyst does not appear in the overall stoichiometry of the reaction it catalyzes. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 13031-04-4. Computed Properties of C6H8O3

Reference：
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

One of the major reasons for studying chemical kinetics is to use measurements of the macroscopic properties of a system, Recommanded Product: 13031-04-4, such as the rate of change in the concentration of reactants or products with time.In a article, mentioned the application of 13031-04-4, Name is 4,4-Dimethyldihydrofuran-2,3-dione, molecular formula is C6H8O3

A study on the origin of rate enhancement (RE) in the enantioselective heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of methyl benzoylformate (MBF), ketopantolactone (KPL) and pyruvic aldehyde dimethyl acetal (PA) under the Orito reaction conditions over Pt catalyst modified with parent cinchona alkaloids, as compared to the unmodified catalyst is presented. The hydrogenations were carried out in continuous-flow fixed-bed reactor system over 20-100 mg Pt/Al2O3 catalyst in 1 mL min-1 flow of toluene/acetic acid 9/1 solvent mixture under 40-80 bar H2 pressure, at 283 or 293 K using 0.044-2 mM modifier concentration and 45 mM substrate concentration. Our results obtained using racemic hydrogenations followed by three changes of the chiral modifier (on the same catalyst) supported the so-called “ligand acceleration” phenomenon in the enantioselective hydrogenation of activated ketones such as MBF, KPL and PA. In our opinion, RE produced by the first modifier added after racemic hydrogenation can also be explained by the purifying effect of the cinchona. REs observed following further exchanges of modifiers are indicative of the intrinsic character of the phenomenon. This research suggested that the origin of enantiodifferentiation and rate enhancement is the same, namely, both may be traced back-probably in different ways-to the role of the intermediate complexes of the hydrogenation, to its formation and transformation, which in turn depends on numerous factors.

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Chemistry is an experimental science, and the best way to enjoy it and learn about it is performing experiments. Product Details of 13031-04-4. Introducing a new discovery about 13031-04-4, Name is 4,4-Dimethyldihydrofuran-2,3-dione

The easy access to new arene-ruthenium(II)bisphoshine complexes bearing aminophosphine phosphinite ligands is presented.The complexes were prepared in two steps from 2 under mild conditions and were found to be effective precursors for the asymmetric hydrogenation of dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-2,3-furandione giving the corresponding pantolactone with up to 42percent enantiomeric excess.

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Reference：
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

One of the major reasons for studying chemical kinetics is to use measurements of the macroscopic properties of a system, Formula: C6H8O3, such as the rate of change in the concentration of reactants or products with time.In a article, mentioned the application of 13031-04-4, Name is 4,4-Dimethyldihydrofuran-2,3-dione, molecular formula is C6H8O3

The thermodynamic properties of mixtures containing precursors of vitamin B5 were discussed. They were determined at infinitely dilute concentrations by using gas-liquid chromatography. The thermodynamic properties of the mixtures in the whole range of concentration were predicted from an analysis of experimental data and by using Peng-Robinson equation of state.

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Electric Literature of 13031-04-4, The reaction rate of a catalyzed reaction is faster than the reaction rate of the uncatalyzed reaction at the same temperature.13031-04-4, Name is 4,4-Dimethyldihydrofuran-2,3-dione, molecular formula is C6H8O3. In a Article，once mentioned of 13031-04-4

The structure sensitivity of enantioselective hydrogenations on chirally modified metals was investigated using Pt nanoparticles of different shapes. All three samples had an average particle size of 10 nm, but the fraction of dominantly cubic, cubooctahedral, and octahedral particles varied with decreasing {100} and increasing {111} faces in the same order. In the absence of chiral modifier the hydrogenation of ethyl pyruvate was independent of the shape of the Pt nanoparticles; variation of the specific reaction rates did not exceed the experimental error on all self-prepared catalysts and on a commercial Pt/Al2O3 used as reference. Addition of cinchonidine or quinine induced a significant rate enhancement by a factor of 4-15, and the rate was always higher with quinine. Also, 72-92% ees were achieved, and the reaction was shape selective: both the rate and the ee increased with increasing Pt{111}/Pt{100} ratio. A similar correlation in the hydrogenation of ketopantolactone confirmed that decarbonylation or aldol-type side reactions of ethyl pyruvate were not the reason for structure sensitivity. A combined catalytic and theoretical study revealed that the probable origin of the particle shape dependency of enantioselective hydrogenation is the adsorption behavior of the cinchona alkaloid. DFT studies of cinchonidine interacting with Pt(100) and Pt(111) terraces indicated a remarkably stronger interaction on the former crystallographic face by ca. 155 kJ/mol. The higher adsorption strength on Pt(100) was corroborated experimentally by the faster hydrogenation of the homoaromatic ring of the alkaloid, which fragment interacts the strongest with Pt during its adsorption. Thus, an ideal catalyst for the hydrogenation of activated ketones contains dominantly Pt{111} terraces, which crystallographic face is more active and affords higher enantioselectivity, combined with the higher stability of the modifier.

A reaction mechanism is the microscopic path by which reactants are transformed into products. Each step is an elementary reaction. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 13031-04-4

Reference：
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

In heterogeneous catalysis, the catalyst is in a different phase from the reactants. HPLC of Formula: C6H8O3, At least one of the reactants interacts with the solid surface in a physical process called adsorption in such a way. 13031-04-4, name is 4,4-Dimethyldihydrofuran-2,3-dione. In an article，Which mentioned a new discovery about 13031-04-4

A fundamental point in the mechanism of enantioselective hydrogenation over chirally modified metals is the nature of “chiral sites” developed by adsorption of the modifier on the metal surface. Despite considerable effort toward unraveling the adsorption mode of the modifier by surface science techniques, most of these spectroscopic measurements were done under conditions relatively far from those met under real reaction conditions. Here we applied a truly in situ “synthetic” approach, the systematic variation of the structure of the chiral modifier used for enantioselective hydrogenation over 5 wt% Pt/Al2O3. We have synthesized various O-alkyl, -aryl, and -silyl derivatives of cinchonidine (CD) and tested them in the enantioselective hydrogenation of ethyl pyruvate, ketopantolactone, 4,4,4-trifluoroacetoacetate, and 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,4-diketopentane. With increasing bulkiness of the ether group, the ee gradually decreased or even the opposite enantiomer formed in excess (up to 53% ee). We propose that the increasing bulkiness of the ether group prevents the strong, pi-bonded adsorption of the quinoline ring of CD close to parallel to the Pt surface. In this tilted position the modifier adsorbs weaker via the quinoline N and also the position of the interacting function, the quinuclidine N, is shifted. This shift results in a different shape and size of the “chiral pocket” available for adsorption of the activated ketone substrate. The weaker adsorption of the bulky ether derivatives was proved by UV-vis spectroscopy and by the nonlinear behavior of modifier mixtures. The tilted adsorption mode was corroborated by the lower hydrogenation rate of the quinoline ring of the ether derivatives, relative to that of CD.

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Reference：
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem