A Toxoplasma gondii Oxopurine Transporter Binds Nucleobases and Nucleosides Using Different Binding Modes was written by Campagnaro, Gustavo D.; Elati, Hamza A. A.; Balaska, Sofia; Martin Abril, Maria Esther; Natto, Manal J.; Hulpia, Fabian; Lee, Kelly; Sheiner, Lilach; Van Calenbergh, Serge; de Koning, Harry P.. And the article was included in International Journal of Molecular Sciences in 2022.Quality Control of 9-((2R,3R,5S)-3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-9H-purin-6-ol The following contents are mentioned in the article:
Toxoplasma gondii is unable to synthesize purines de novo, instead salvages them from its environment, inside the host cell, for which they need high affinity carriers. Here, we report the expression of a T. gondii Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter, Tg244440, in a Trypanosoma brucei strain from which nucleobase transporters have been deleted. Tg244440 transported hypoxanthine and guanine with similar affinity (Km ∼1 μM), while inosine and guanosine displayed Ki values of 4.05 and 3.30 μM, resp. Low affinity was observed for adenosine, adenine, and pyrimidines, classifying Tg244440 as a high affinity oxopurine transporter. Purine analogs were used to probe the substrate-transporter binding interactions, culminating in quant. models showing different binding modes for oxopurine bases, oxopurine nucleosides, and adenosine. Hypoxanthine and guanine interacted through protonated N1 and N9, and through unprotonated N3 and N7 of the purine ring, whereas inosine and guanosine mostly employed the ribose hydroxy groups for binding, in addition to N1H of the nucleobase. Conversely, the ribose moiety of adenosine barely made any contribution to binding. Tg244440 is the first gene identified to encode a high affinity oxopurine transporter in T. gondii and, to the best of our knowledge, the first purine transporter to employ different binding modes for nucleosides and nucleobases. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 9-((2R,3R,5S)-3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-9H-purin-6-ol (cas: 13146-72-0Quality Control of 9-((2R,3R,5S)-3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-9H-purin-6-ol).
9-((2R,3R,5S)-3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-9H-purin-6-ol (cas: 13146-72-0) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. Tetrahydrofuran (THF), or oxolane, is mainly used as a precursor to polymers. Being polar and having a wide liquid range, THF is a versatile solvent. THF can also be synthesized by catalytic hydrogenation of furan. This allows certain sugars to be converted to THF via acid-catalyzed digestion to furfural and decarbonylation to furan, although this method is not widely practiced. THF is thus derivable from renewable resources.Quality Control of 9-((2R,3R,5S)-3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-9H-purin-6-ol
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