Bercot, Eric A.;Rovis, Tomislav published 《Highly Efficient Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Succinic and Glutaric Anhydrides with Organozinc Reagents》 in 2005. The article was appeared in 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》. They have made some progress in their research.Application In Synthesis of (3aR,4S,7R,7aS)-rel-Hexahydro-4,7-methanoisobenzofuran-1,3-dione The article mentions the following:
A nickel-catalyzed alkylation of succinic and glutaric anhydrides with alkyl- and arylzinc reagents has been developed. A dramatic olefin effect has been investigated resulting in the identification of several styrene-based promoters which show pronounced enhancements in reaction rate. The substrate scope with respect to electrophilic and nucleophilic coupling partners has been examined and found to be remarkably broad, allowing for rapid introduction of mol. complexity through the use of functionalized coupling partners. Regioselective alkylation of an unsym. succinic anhydride and a profound effect of pendent coordinating olefins on reaction rate suggest a mechanism involving discrete oxidative addition of the nickel complex into the cyclic anhydride followed by a transmetalation event. To complete the study, the researchers used (3aR,4S,7R,7aS)-rel-Hexahydro-4,7-methanoisobenzofuran-1,3-dione (cas: 14166-28-0) .
In the laboratory, (3aR,4S,7R,7aS)-rel-Hexahydro-4,7-methanoisobenzofuran-1,3-dione(14166-28-0) is a popular solvent when its water miscibility is not an issue. It is more basic than diethyl ether and forms stronger complexes with Li+, Mg2+, and boranes.Application In Synthesis of (3aR,4S,7R,7aS)-rel-Hexahydro-4,7-methanoisobenzofuran-1,3-dione It is a popular solvent for hydroboration reactions and for organometallic compounds such as organolithium and Grignard reagents.
Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem