Day: November 22, 2022

Using existing drugs as leads for broad spectrum anthelmintics targeting protein kinases was written by Taylor, Christina M.;Martin, John;Rao, Ramakrishna U.;Powell, Kerrie;Abubucker, Sahar;Mitreva, Makedonka. And the article was included in PLoS Pathogens in 2013.Quality Control of (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(4-Amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

As one of the largest protein families, protein kinases (PKs) regulate nearly all processes within the cell and are considered important drug targets. Much research has been conducted on inhibitors for PKs, leading to a wealth of compounds that target PKs that have potential to be lead anthelmintic drugs. Identifying compounds that have already been developed to treat neglected tropical diseases is an attractive way to obtain lead compounds inexpensively that can be developed into much needed drugs, especially for use in developing countries. In this study, PKs from nematodes, hosts, and DrugBank were identified and classified into kinase families and subfamilies. Nematode proteins were placed into orthologous groups that span the phylum Nematoda. A minimal kinome for the phylum Nematoda was identified, and properties of the minimal kinome were explored. Orthologous groups from the minimal kinome were prioritized for exptl. testing based on RNAi phenotype of the Caenorhabditis elegans ortholog, transcript expression over the life-cycle and anat. expression patterns. Compounds linked to targets in DrugBank belonging to the same kinase families and subfamilies in the minimal nematode kinome were extracted Thirty-five compounds were tested in the non-parasitic C. elegans and active compounds progressed to testing against nematode species with different modes of parasitism, the blood-feeding Haemonchus contortus and the filarial Brugia malayi. Eighteen compounds showed efficacy in C. elegans, and six compounds also showed efficacy in at least one of the parasitic species. Hypotheses regarding the pathway the compounds may target and their mol. mechanism for activity are discussed. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(4-Amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol (cas: 24386-93-4Quality Control of (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(4-Amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol).

(2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(4-Amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol (cas: 24386-93-4) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. Solid acid catalysis, and the advantages often associated with their use, have been proved equally efficient for the synthesis of tetrahydrofurans or furans. THF can also be synthesized by catalytic hydrogenation of furan. This allows certain sugars to be converted to THF via acid-catalyzed digestion to furfural and decarbonylation to furan, although this method is not widely practiced. THF is thus derivable from renewable resources.Quality Control of (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(4-Amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

ADMET and quantitative structure property relationship analysis of anti-Covid drugs against omicron variant with some degree-based topological indices was written by Tamilarasi, William;Balamurugan, Bommahalli Jayaraman. And the article was included in International Journal of Quantum Chemistry in 2022.Name: ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Chem. graph theory is one of the important fields in math. chem. which provides a useful tool called topol. indexes which transforms chem. structure of a mol. into a numerical value. Topol. indexes are used to investigate physicochem. properties, pharmaco-kinetic properties, biol. activity in quant. structure property relationship (QSPR) and quant. structure-activity relationship. The most life-threatening disease the world facing is COVID-19 and its prominent variants like alpha, beta, delta and omicron variants. The delta and omicron variants are deemed one of the most contagious strains of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Since there is no exact drug for these variants, but researches are been carried out with some existing and new drugs which are effective against delta and omicron variants. Favipiravir, Baricitinib, Fluvoxamine, Nirmatrelvir and Molnupiravir are some of the drugs currently used to treat COVID-19 omicron variant. In this paper QSPR model is designed to predict some selected physicochem. properties and ADMET properties of the above aforesaid drugs by using some degree-based indexes such as first K Banhatti index, second K Banhatti index, first K hyper Banhatti index, second K hyper Banhatti index, modified first K Banhatti index, modified second K Banhatti index and harmonic K Banhatti index via M-Polynomial. The relationship analyses for the physicochem. and ADMET properties with the degree-based indexes are done by using the quadratic and cubic regression method resp. The results obtained can be expanded to correlate several other properties associated with drugability of potential candidates that can further be utilized to construct a disease-based library of drugs. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5Name: ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate).

((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. THF (Tetrahydrofuran) is water-miscible and has a low viscosity making it a highly versatile solvent used in a variety of industries. Tetrahydrofuran can also be produced, or synthesised, via catalytic hydrogenation of furan. This process involves converting certain sugars into THF by digesting to furfural. An alternative to this method is the catalytic hydrogenation of furan with a nickel catalyst.Name: ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Cardioprotection following adenosine kinase inhibition in rat hearts was written by Peart, Jason N.;Gross, Garrett J.. And the article was included in Basic Research in Cardiology in 2005.Quality Control of (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(4-Amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Adenosine kinase phosphorylates adenosine to AMP, the primary pathway for adenosine metabolism under basal conditions. Inhibition of adenosine kinase results in a site-specific increase in interstitial adenosine. Using a rat model of myocardial infarction, we examined the protective effects of adenosine kinase inhibition. Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent 30 min regional occlusion followed by 90 min reperfusion. Infarct size, expressed as a percent of the area-at-risk, IS/AAR(%), was 58.0 ± 2.1% in untreated rats. Pretreatment with the adenosine kinase inhibitor, 5-iodotubercidin (1 mg/kg), limited infarct development to 37.5±3.7% (P<0.001). The A₁ adenosine receptor (A₁AR) antagonist, DPCPX (100 μg/kg), abolished the infarct-sparing effect of 5-iodotubercidin (IS, 62.8 ± 1.3%). Similarly, the A₃ adenosine receptor (A₃AR) antagonist, MRS-1523 (2 mg/kg), and the δ-opioid receptor (DOR) antagonist, BNTX, (1 mg/kg) abolished the reduction of IS produced by iodotubercidin. Pretreatment with the ROS scavenger, 2-MPG (20 mg/kg), or the PKC-8 antagonist, rottlerin (0.3 mg/kg) also abolished iodotubercidin-mediated cardioprotection. Furthermore, pretreatment with 5-HD, a mitochondrial K_ATP (mitoK_ATP) channel inhibitor, but not the sar-colemmal K_ATP channel blocker, HMR-1098, abrogated the beneficial effects of adenosine kinase inhibition (IS, 59.5 ± 3.8%). These data suggest that inhibition of adenosine kinase is effective in reducing infarct development via A₁AR, A₃AR and DOR activation. Data also suggest that this protection is mediated via ROS, PKC-δ and mitoK_ATP channels. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(4-Amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol (cas: 24386-93-4Quality Control of (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(4-Amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol).

(2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(4-Amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol (cas: 24386-93-4) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives.Tetrahydrofuran has many industry uses as a solvent including in natural and synthetic resins, high polymers, fat oils, rubber, polymer. THF can also be synthesized by catalytic hydrogenation of furan. This allows certain sugars to be converted to THF via acid-catalyzed digestion to furfural and decarbonylation to furan, although this method is not widely practiced. THF is thus derivable from renewable resources.Quality Control of (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(4-Amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Endothelial and neuronal nitric oxide activate distinct pathways on sympathetic neurotransmission in rat tail and mesenteric arteries was written by Sousa, Joana Beatriz;Vieira-Rocha, Maria Sofia;Arribas, Silvia M.;Maria, Carmen Gonzalez;Fresco, Paula;Diniz, Carmen. And the article was included in PLoS One in 2015.Application of 24386-93-4 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Nitric oxide (NO) seems to contribute to vascular homeostasis regulating neurotransmission. This work aimed at assessing the influence of NO from different sources and resp. intracellular pathways on sympathetic neurotransmission, in two vascular beds. Elec.-evoked [3H]-noradrenaline release was assessed in rat mesenteric and tail arteries in the presence of NO donors or endothelial/neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors. The influence of NO on adenosine-mediated effects was also studied using selective antagonists for adenosine receptors subtypes. Location of neuronal NOS (nNOS) was investigated by immunohistochem. (with specific antibodies for nNOS and for Schwann cells) and Confocal Microscopy. Results indicated that: (1) in mesenteric arteries, noradrenaline release was reduced by NO donors and it was increased by nNOS inhibitors; the effect of NO donors was only abolished by the adenosine A1 receptors antagonist; (2) in tail arteries, noradrenaline release was increased by NO donors and it was reduced by eNOS inhibitors; adenosine receptors antagonists were devoid of effect; (3) confocal microscopy showed nNOS staining in adventitial cells, some co-localized with Schwann cells. nNOS staining and its co-localization with Schwann cells were significantly lower in tail compared to mesenteric arteries. In conclusion, in mesenteric arteries, nNOS, mainly located in Schwann cells, seems to be the main source of NO influencing perivascular sympathetic neurotransmission with an inhibitory effect, mediated by adenosine A1 receptors activation. Instead, in tail arteries endothelial NO seems to play a more relevant role and has a facilitatory effect, independent of adenosine receptors activation. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(4-Amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol (cas: 24386-93-4Application of 24386-93-4).

(2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(4-Amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol (cas: 24386-93-4) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. THF (Tetrahydrofuran) is water-miscible and has a low viscosity making it a highly versatile solvent used in a variety of industries. It is more basic than diethyl ether and forms stronger complexes with Li+, Mg2+, and boranes. It is a popular solvent for hydroboration reactions and for organometallic compounds such as organolithium and Grignard reagents.Application of 24386-93-4

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Clozapine and the mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction pathway: Implications for antipsychotic actions was written by Browning, Jeff L.;Patel, Tushar;Brandt, Paul C.;Young, Keith A.;Holcomb, Leigh A.;Hicks, Paul B.. And the article was included in Biological Psychiatry in 2005.COA of Formula: C11H13IN4O4 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways respond to dopaminergic and serotonergic agents and mediate short- and long-term effects of intracellular signaling in neurons. Here we show that the antipsychotic agent, clozapine, selectively activates the MEK/ERK MAPK pathway, and inhibition of this pathway reverses clozapine’s actions in the conditioned avoidance response (CAR) paradigm, a rodent behavioral assay of antipsychotic activity. Phosphorylation patterns of MAPK pathway enzymes were determined by quant. immunoblot anal. and immunohistochem. of rat prefrontal cortex. Kinase inhibitors were used to assess the role of MAPK signaling pathways in mediating clozapine-induced suppression of CAR. Clozapine administration selectively increased phosphorylation of MEK1/2 but had no effect on p38 or JNK phosphorylation. Pretreatment with the 5-HT_2A agonist (+/-)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine hydrochloride blocked the clozapine-induced increase in MEK1/2 phosphorylation. Immunohistochem. revealed that clozapine treatment elevated the number of cells in the prefrontal cortex pos. for phosphoERK, the downstream substrate of MEK1/2. Prior administration of MEK1/2 inhibitors U0126 or Sl327, or ERK inhibitor 5-iodotubercidin, reversed suppression of CAR induced by clozapine, whereas administration of vehicle, JNK or p38 inhibitors (L-JNK-1 and SB203580, resp.) had no effect. Inhibition of kinases upstream to MEK1/2 (PI-3K, PKC, and CaMKII) by administration of LY294002, bisindolylmaleimide, or KN-62, resp., also reversed clozapine-induced suppression of CAR. These data support the hypothesis that the MEK/ERK signal transduction cascade participates in clozapine’s antipsychotic actions. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(4-Amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol (cas: 24386-93-4COA of Formula: C11H13IN4O4).

(2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(4-Amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol (cas: 24386-93-4) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. Tetrahydrofurans and furans are important oxygen-containing heterocycles that often exhibit interesting properties for biological applications or applications in the cosmetic industry. Tetrahydrofuran reaction with hydrogen sulfide: In the presence of a solid acid catalyst, tetrahydrofuran reacts with hydrogen sulfide to give tetrahydrothiophene.COA of Formula: C11H13IN4O4

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

High-content chemical and RNAi screens for suppressors of neurotoxicity in a Huntington’s Disease model was written by Schulte, Joost;Sepp, Katharine J.;Wu, Chaohong;Hong, Pengyu;Littleton, J. Troy. And the article was included in PLoS One in 2011.COA of Formula: C11H13IN4O4 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

To identify Huntington’s Disease therapeutics, we conducted high-content small mol. and RNAi suppressor screens using a Drosophila primary neural culture Huntingtin model. Drosophila primary neurons offer a sensitive readout for neurotoxicity, as their neurites develop dysmorphic features in the presence of mutant polyglutamine-expanded Huntingtin compared to nonpathogenic Huntingtin. By tracking the subcellular distribution of mRFP-tagged pathogenic Huntingtin and assaying neurite branch morphol. via live-imaging, we identified suppressors that could reduce Huntingtin aggregation and/or prevent the formation of dystrophic neurites. The custom algorithms we used to quantify neurite morphologies in complex cultures provide a useful tool for future high-content screening approaches focused on neurodegenerative disease models. Compounds previously found to be effective aggregation inhibitors in mammalian systems were also effective in Drosophila primary cultures, suggesting translational capacity between these models. However, we did not observe a direct correlation between the ability of a compound or gene knockdown to suppress aggregate formation and its ability to rescue dysmorphic neurites. Only a subset of aggregation inhibitors could revert dysmorphic cellular profiles. We identified lkb1, an upstream kinase in the mTOR/Insulin pathway, and four novel drugs, Camptothecin, OH-Camptothecin, 18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid, and Carbenoxolone, that were strong suppressors of mutant Huntingtin-induced neurotoxicity. Huntingtin neurotoxicity suppressors identified through our screen also restored viability in an in vivo Drosophila Huntington’s Disease model, making them attractive candidates for further therapeutic evaluation. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(4-Amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol (cas: 24386-93-4COA of Formula: C11H13IN4O4).

(2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(4-Amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol (cas: 24386-93-4) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives.Tetrahydrofuran has many industry uses as a solvent including in natural and synthetic resins, high polymers, fat oils, rubber, polymer. Oxidations have also proved to be valuable and efficient approaches to chiral tetrahydrofuran derivatives.COA of Formula: C11H13IN4O4

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Molnupiravir promotes SARS-CoV-2 mutagenesis via the RNA template was written by Gordon, Calvin J.;Tchesnokov, Egor P.;Schinazi, Raymond F.;Gotte, Matthias. And the article was included in Journal of Biological Chemistry in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 2492423-29-5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is an important target in current drug development efforts for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019. Molnupiravir is a broad-spectrum antiviral that is an orally bioavailable prodrug of the nucleoside analog β-D-N⁴-hydroxycytidine (NHC). Molnupiravir or NHC can increase G to A and C to U transition mutations in replicating coronaviruses. These increases in mutation frequencies can be linked to increases in antiviral effects; however, biochem. data of molnupiravir-induced mutagenesis have not been reported. We studied the effects of the active compound NHC 5′-triphosphate (NHC-TP) against the purified severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex. The efficiency of incorporation of natural nucleotides over the efficiency of incorporation of NHC-TP into model RNA substrates followed the order GTP (12,841) > ATP (424) > UTP (171) > CTP (30), indicating that NHC-TP competes predominantly with CTP for incorporation. No significant inhibition of RNA synthesis was noted as a result of the incorporated monophosphate in the RNA primer strand. When embedded in the template strand, NHC-monophosphate supported the formation of both NHC:G and NHC:A base pairs with similar efficiencies. The extension of the NHC:G product was modestly inhibited, but higher nucleotide concentrations could overcome this blockage. In contrast, the NHC:A base pair led to the observed G to A (G:NHC:A) or C to U (C:G:NHC:A:U) mutations. Together, these biochem. data support a mechanism of action of molnupiravir that is primarily based on RNA mutagenesis mediated via the template strand. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5HPLC of Formula: 2492423-29-5).

((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. THF (Tetrahydrofuran) is water-miscible and has a low viscosity making it a highly versatile solvent used in a variety of industries. Tetrahydrofuran can also be produced, or synthesised, via catalytic hydrogenation of furan. This process involves converting certain sugars into THF by digesting to furfural. An alternative to this method is the catalytic hydrogenation of furan with a nickel catalyst.HPLC of Formula: 2492423-29-5

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Development and validation of assays for the quantification of β-D-N⁴-hydroxycytidine in human plasma and β-D-N⁴-hydroxycytidine-triphosphate in peripheral blood mononuclear cell lysates was written by Parsons, Teresa L.;Kryszak, Lindsay A.;Marzinke, Mark A.. And the article was included in Journal of Chromatography B in 2021.Product Details of 2492423-29-5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The novel antiviral prodrug molnupiravir is under evaluation for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2. Molnupiravir is converted to β-D-N⁴-hydroxycytidine (NHC), which is the primary form found in systemic circulation. β-D-N⁴-hydroxycytidine-triphosphate (NHCtp) is the bioactive anabolite produced intracellularly. Sensitive and accurate bioanal. methods are required to characterize NHC and NHCtp pharmacokinetics in clin. trials. Human K₂EDTA plasma or peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) lysates were spiked with NHC (plasma) or NHCtp (PBMC), resp. Following the addition of isotopically-labeled internal standards and sample extraction via protein precipitation or lysate dilution, resp., samples were subjected to liquid chromatog.-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) anal. Methods were validated in accordance with FDA Bioanal. Method Validation recommendations. NHC can be quantified in plasma with a lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of 1 ng/mL; the primary linearity of the assay is 1-5000 ng/mL. Assay precision and accuracy were ≤ 6.40% and ≤ ± 6.37%, resp. NHC is unstable in whole blood and has limited stability in plasma at room temperature The calibration range for NHCtp in PBMC lysates is 1-1500 pmol/sample, and the assay has an LLOQ of 1 pmol/sample. Assay precision and accuracy were ≤ 11.8% and ≤± 11.2%. Ion suppression was observed for both analytes; isotopically-labeled internal standards showed comparable ion suppression, resulting in negligible (<5%) relative matrix effects. Sensitive, specific, and dynamic LC-MS/MS assays have been developed and validated for the quantification of NHC in plasma and NHCtp in PBMC lysates. The described methods are appropriate for use in clin. trials. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5Product Details of 2492423-29-5).

((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is a Lewis base that bonds to a variety of Lewis acids such as I2, phenols, triethylaluminum and bis(hexafluoroacetylacetonato)copper(II). Tetrahydrofuran reaction with hydrogen sulfide: In the presence of a solid acid catalyst, tetrahydrofuran reacts with hydrogen sulfide to give tetrahydrothiophene.Product Details of 2492423-29-5

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

A High-Affinity Adenosine Kinase from Anopheles gambiae was written by Cassera, Maria B.;Ho, Meng-Chiao;Merino, Emilio F.;Burgos, Emmanuel S.;Rinaldo-Matthis, Agnes;Almo, Steven C.;Schramm, Vern L.. And the article was included in Biochemistry in 2011.Safety of (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(4-Amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Genome anal. revealed a mosquito orthologue of adenosine kinase in Anopheles gambiae (AgAK; the most important vector for the transmission of Plasmodium falciparum in Africa). P. falciparum are purine auxotrophs and do not express an adenosine kinase but rely on their hosts for purines. AgAK was kinetically characterized and found to have the highest affinity for adenosine (K_m = 8.1 nM) of any known adenosine kinase. AgAK is specific for adenosine at the nucleoside site, but several nucleotide triphosphate phosphoryl donors are tolerated. The AgAK crystal structure with a bound bisubstrate analog Ap₄A (2.0 Å resolution) reveals interactions for adenosine and ATP and the geometry for phosphoryl transfer. The polyphosphate charge is partly neutralized by a bound Mg²⁺ ion and an ion pair to a catalytic site Arg. The AgAK structure consists of a large catalytic core in a three-layer α/β/α sandwich, and a small cap domain in contact with adenosine. The specificity and tight binding for adenosine arise from hydrogen bond interactions of Asn14, Leu16, Leu40, Leu133, Leu168, Phe168, and Thr171 and the backbone of Ile39 and Phe168 with the adenine ring as well as through hydrogen bond interactions between Asp18, Gly64, and Asn68 and the ribosyl 2′- and 3′-hydroxyl groups. The structure is more similar to that of human adenosine kinase (48% identical) than to that of AK from Toxoplasma gondii (31% identical). With this extraordinary affinity for AgAK, adenosine is efficiently captured and converted to AMP at near the diffusion limit, suggesting an important role for this enzyme in the maintenance of the adenine nucleotide pool. mRNA anal. verifies that AgAK transcripts are produced in the adult insects. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(4-Amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol (cas: 24386-93-4Safety of (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(4-Amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol).

(2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(4-Amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol (cas: 24386-93-4) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. Tetrahydrofurans and furans are important oxygen-containing heterocycles that often exhibit interesting properties for biological applications or applications in the cosmetic industry. Tetrahydrofuran can also be produced, or synthesised, via catalytic hydrogenation of furan. This process involves converting certain sugars into THF by digesting to furfural. An alternative to this method is the catalytic hydrogenation of furan with a nickel catalyst.Safety of (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(4-Amino-5-iodo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Establishment of a stable SARS-CoV-2 replicon system for application in high-throughput screening was written by Tanaka, Tomohisa;Saito, Akatsuki;Suzuki, Tatsuya;Miyamoto, Yoichi;Takayama, Kazuo;Okamoto, Toru;Moriishi, Kohji. And the article was included in Antiviral Research in 2022.Synthetic Route of C13H19N3O7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Experiments with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are limited by the need for biosafety level 3 (BSL3) conditions. A SARS-CoV-2 replicon system rather than an in vitro infection system is suitable for antiviral screening since it can be handled under BSL2 conditions and does not produce infectious particles. However, the reported replicon systems are cumbersome because of the need for transient transfection in each assay. In this study, we constructed a bacterial artificial chromosome vector (the replicon-BAC vector) including the SARS-CoV-2 replicon and a fusion gene encoding Renilla luciferase and neomycin phosphotransferase II, examined the antiviral effects of several known compounds, and then established a cell line stably harboring the replicon-BAC vector. Several cell lines transiently transfected with the replicon-BAC vector produced subgenomic replicon RNAs (sgRNAs) and viral proteins, and exhibited luciferase activity. In the transient replicon system, treatment with remdesivir or interferon-β but not with camostat or favipiravir suppressed the production of viral agents and luciferase, indicating that luciferase activity corresponds to viral replication. VeroE6/Rep3, a stable replicon cell line based on VeroE6 cells, was successfully established and continuously produced viral proteins, sgRNAs and luciferase, and their production was suppressed by treatment with remdesivir or interferon-β. Molnupiravir, a novel coronavirus RdRp inhibitor, inhibited viral replication more potently in VeroE6/Rep3 cells than in VeroE6-based transient replicon cells. In summary, our stable replicon system will be a powerful tool for the identification of SARS-CoV-2 antivirals through high-throughput screening. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5Synthetic Route of C13H19N3O7).

((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives.Tetrahydrofuran has many industry uses as a solvent including in natural and synthetic resins, high polymers, fat oils, rubber, polymer. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is primarily used as a precursor to polymers including for surface coating, adhesives, and printing inks.Synthetic Route of C13H19N3O7

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem