In homogeneous catalysis, the catalyst is in the same phase as the reactant. The number of collisions between reactants and catalyst is at a maximum.In a patent, 13031-04-4, name is 4,4-Dimethyldihydrofuran-2,3-dione, introducing its new discovery. Reference of 13031-04-4
The synthesis of a series of alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactones (compounds 4a, 4b, 6-12, 16, 17) and alpha,beta-unsaturated-gamma-lactones (compounds 19-23, 25, 26) starting from 4,4-dimethyldihydrofuran-2,3-dione (1) has been described. Their chemical structures were assigned by spectroscopic evidence. These new compounds exhibited significantly different antiproliferative properties against cultured human tumor cell lines with their IC50 values ranging from 0.88 to > 20.00 muM.
The catalyzed pathway has a lower Ea, but the net change in energy that results from the reaction is not affected by the presence of a catalyst. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 13031-04-4. Reference of 13031-04-4
Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem