In homogeneous catalysis, the catalyst is in the same phase as the reactant. The number of collisions between reactants and catalyst is at a maximum.In a patent, 13031-04-4, name is 4,4-Dimethyldihydrofuran-2,3-dione, introducing its new discovery. Reference of 13031-04-4
Various alpha-ketocarbonyl compounds were obtained in excellent yields under mild condition from the reaction of the corresponding alpha-hydroxycarbonyl compounds with sodium hypobromite in the presence of HCl catalyst.
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Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem