Day: August 26, 2021

Synthetic Route of 2144-40-3, Chemistry is the science of change. But why do chemical reactions take place? Why do chemicals react with each other? The answer is in thermodynamics and kinetics.In a document type is Review, and a compound is mentioned, 2144-40-3, (cis-Tetrahydrofuran-2,5-diyl)dimethanol, introducing its new discovery.

Inedible, lignocellulosic biomass has been recognized as most promising renewable resource for the production of high value bio-chemicals. The pretreated biomass or isolated cellulose is a biopolymer of glucose used as a stating material for the synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). HMF is listed among the top 10 bio-based chemicals by USA Department of Energy and it acts as feedstock for deriving a number of commodity products (Bonzell and Petersen, 2010, Green Chem. 12, 539). In present review, we have systematically summarized the catalytic reaction for the synthesis of HMF from pretreated biomass/isolated cellulose using green processes. Further, through catalytic approach, HMF is translated into industrial important chemicals (2,5-diformylfuran, furan-2,5-dicarboxylicacid, 2,5-furandimethanol, furfuraylalcohol, etc) or high calorific value biofuel (2,5-dimethylfuran, 2,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuran, 2,5-bis(alkoxymethyl)furans, etc). In the profitable scale of HMF production, levulinic acid (LA) is generated as a major byproduct. Besides HMF, this review also outlines the catalytic strategy for the conversion of LA to industrially important chemicals along with the biofuel additives. Finally, the bio-toxicity of synthesized chemicals, which connected into different functional groups have been summarized to meet the criteria of the green technology for commercialization.

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Reference：
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Reference of 4971-56-6, Chemistry is the experimental science by definition. We want to make observations to prove hypothesis. For this purpose, we perform experiments in the lab. 4971-56-6, Name is Furan-2,4(3H,5H)-dione,introducing its new discovery.

Introduction: More than 50% of the clinically established antibiotics are either genuine natural products or derivatives thereof, featuring a mode of action decisively depending on their metal affinity and suitability as metal complex ligands. As their structural diversity and harvest from renewable sources is well-nigh inexhaustible, any future quest for affordable new antibiotics will have to concentrate on natural drugs with obvious metal ligating properties. Areas covered: The authors provide an overview of the promising developments in the field of antibiotic natural products with metal-binding properties with a specific focus on metal binders such as polyphenols, quinones, 3-acyltetramic and -tetronic acids. Works published by the authors are discussed in this manuscript as well as articles derived from PubMed and Scifinder. Expert opinion: Natural products with metal-binding properties possess a great potential for the development of drugs against various bacteria. There are many derivatives with great potential against multidrug-resistant bacteria as well. Synthetic approaches to structurally complex and/or rare natural products have added significantly to the cracking of synthetic problems. Thus, this field of scientific research appears attractive both to chemists and to clinicians.

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Reference：
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Reference of 2144-40-3, The reaction rate of a catalyzed reaction is faster than the reaction rate of the uncatalyzed reaction at the same temperature.2144-40-3, Name is (cis-Tetrahydrofuran-2,5-diyl)dimethanol, molecular formula is C6H12O3. In a Article，once mentioned of 2144-40-3

Acid zeolites as catalysts offer unique achievements in the carbohydrate field allowing regio- and stereocontrolled reactions, mainly related to their shape-selective properties. Moreover, these materials are environmentally safe and easy to handle, contributing to clean and sustainable procedures in carbohydrate transformations. The scope of this review is to summarize the most significant applications of these heterogeneous catalysts in carbohydrate chemistry, notably in mediating key transformations such as glycosylation, sugar protection and deprotection, hydrolysis and dehydration, highlighting the exciting results that the use of zeolites may provide.

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Reference：
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

In homogeneous catalysis, the catalyst is in the same phase as the reactant. The number of collisions between reactants and catalyst is at a maximum.In a patent, 89364-31-8, name is Tetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylic acid, introducing its new discovery. Formula: C5H8O3

Compounds of Formula (I) are useful for inhibition of CHKl and/or CHK2. Methods of using compounds of Formula (I) and stereoisomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, for in vitro, in situ, and in vivo diagnosis, prevention or treatment of such disorders in mammalian cells, or associated pathological conditions are disclosed.

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Reference：
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Reference of 7331-52-4, A catalyst don’t appear in the overall stoichiometry of the reaction it catalyzes, but it must appear in at least one of the elementary reactions in the mechanism for the catalyzed reaction. 7331-52-4, Name is (S)-4-Hydroxydihydrofuran-2(3H)-one, molecular formula is C4H6O3. In a Patent，once mentioned of 7331-52-4

This invention provides a novel process for producing optically active 3-hydroxy-gamma-butyrolactone in a short step, which is superior economically and in efficiency and industrially suitable by using a starting material which is inexpensive and easily available and reagents easy to handle. This invention relates to a process for producing optically active 3-hydroxy-gamma-butyrolactone represented by formula I: 1wherein the symbol * means an asymmetric carbon atom, which comprises hydrogenating an optically active 4-substituted oxy-3-hydroxybutyrate represented by formula II: 2wherein R1 represents a C1-4 lower alkyl group, R2 represents a protective group for a hydroxyl group deprotected by hydrogenation with a heterogeneous hydrogenation catalyst, and the symbol * has the same meaning as defined above, in the presence of a heterogeneous hydrogenation catalyst and an acidic substance followed by deprotection and simultaneous ring closure thereof.

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Reference：
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Electric Literature of 22929-52-8, The reaction rate of a catalyzed reaction is faster than the reaction rate of the uncatalyzed reaction at the same temperature.22929-52-8, Name is Dihydrofuran-3(2H)-one, molecular formula is C4H6O2. In a Patent，once mentioned of 22929-52-8

Provided herein are compounds and compositions useful as modulators of MAGL. Furthermore, the subject compounds and compositions are useful for the treatment of pain.

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Reference：
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

One of the major reasons for studying chemical kinetics is to use measurements of the macroscopic properties of a system, HPLC of Formula: C7H12O2, such as the rate of change in the concentration of reactants or products with time.In a article, mentioned the application of 105-21-5, Name is Gamma-heptalactone, molecular formula is C7H12O2

The human CYP2A6 enzyme metabolises several xenobiotics including nicotine, the addictive component in tobacco. Reduced activity of CYP2A6, either for genetic reasons or by administering inhibitors of CYP2A6, reduces tobacco smoking. The aim was to design novel inhibitors of CYP2A6 using 3D-QSAR analysis combined with virtual screening. A 3D-QSAR model was utilised to identify the most important features of the inhibitors, and this knowledge was used to design inhibitors for CYP2A6. Chemical database screening yielded several potent inhibitor candidates such as alkylamine derivatives (compound no. 5, IC 50 = 0.1 muM) and 1-benzothiophene-3-carbaldehyde that can be used as lead compounds in the development of drugs for smoking reduction therapy.

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Reference：
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

One of the major reasons for studying chemical kinetics is to use measurements of the macroscopic properties of a system, category: Tetrahydrofurans, such as the rate of change in the concentration of reactants or products with time.In a article, mentioned the application of 453-20-3, Name is 3-Hydroxytetrahydrofuran, molecular formula is C4H8O2

UV irradiation of bis(cis-1,2-dicyano-1,2-ethylenedithiolate)zinc bis(tetrabutylammonium) in aqueous tetrahydrofuran (THF) or 2,5-dihydrofuran (2,5-DHF) leads to the semiconductor n-ZnS which photocatalyses an efficient H2 evolution (Phi300nm =/>0.1) coupled to a chemoselective dehydrodimerization of the cyclic ether.The reacion does not occur in pure water nor in dry ethers. n-ZnS, which immediately photocorrodes in pure water, becames very stable in the presence of 2,5-DHF. 2,3-DHF and six-membered ethers do not dehydrodimerize or prevent photocorrosion.The H2-evolution rate increases linearity with light intensity and does not change as a function of temperature (20-50 deg C) or pH (4-10).In the case of 2,5-DHF, the previously unknown 2,2′-, 2,3′, and 3,3′-dehydrodimers are formed in the ratio of 1:2:1, respectively, on analytical and preparative scales.With THF, the reaction proceeds regioselectively with the exclusive formation of the 2,2′-dihydrodimer.A complete material balance shows that no water is consumed although the initial gas phase contains more than 90percent D2 when D2O is used.The latter value decreases with increasing turnover and is accompained by the formation of HD and H2.These results are compatible with the reduction of water to hydrogen by conduction band electrons.The dehydrodimers are produced by dimerization of the corresponding radicals formed most likely by hole oxidation of the cyclic ether with subsequent deprotonation.Comparison with reactions of OH<*> generated in homogeneous solution reveals a higher selectivity for the catalytic ZnS system.

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Reference：
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Chemistry is traditionally divided into organic and inorganic chemistry. Recommanded Product: 57203-01-7, The former is the study of compounds containing at least one carbon-hydrogen bonds.In a patent，Which mentioned a new discovery about 57203-01-7

We report structure-guided modifications of the benzyloxy substituent of the Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Receptor (IGF-1R) inhibitor NVP-AEW541. This chemical group has been shown to confer selectivity against other protein kinases but at the expense of a metabolism liability. X-ray crystallography has revealed that the benzyloxy moiety interacts with a lysine cation of the IGF-1R kinase domain via its ether function and its aromatic pi-system and is nicely embedded in an induced hydrophobic pocket. We show that 1,4-diethers displaying an adequate hydrophobic and constrained shape are advantageous benzyloxy replacements. A single digit nanomolar inhibitor (compound 20, IC50 = 8.9 nM) was identified following this approach.

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Reference：
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

In homogeneous catalysis, the catalyst is in the same phase as the reactant. The number of collisions between reactants and catalyst is at a maximum.In a patent, 453-20-3, name is 3-Hydroxytetrahydrofuran, introducing its new discovery. name: 3-Hydroxytetrahydrofuran

Phosphodiesterase 4 catalyzes the hydrolysis of cyclic AMP and is a target for the development of anti-inflammatory agents. We have designed and synthesized a series of phenyl alkyl ketones as PDE4 inhibitors. Among them, 13 compounds were identified as having submicromolar IC50 values. The most potent compounds have IC50 values of in the mid- to low-nanomolar range. Compound 5v also showed preference for PDE4 with selectivity of >2000-fold over PDE7, PDE9, PDE2, and PDE5. Docking of 5v, 5zf, and 5za into the binding pocket of the PDE4 catalytic domain revealed a similar binding profile to PDE4 with rolipram except that the fluorine atoms of the difluoromethyl groups of 5v, 5za, and 5zf are within a reasonable range for hydrogen bond formation with the amide hydrogen of Thr 333 and the long alkyl chain bears additional van der Waals interactions with His 160, Asp 318, and Tyr 159.

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Reference：
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem