In heterogeneous catalysis, the catalyst is in a different phase from the reactants. Application In Synthesis of Gamma-heptalactone, At least one of the reactants interacts with the solid surface in a physical process called adsorption in such a way. 105-21-5, name is Gamma-heptalactone. In an article，Which mentioned a new discovery about 105-21-5
Aldonolactones containing from four to eight carbon atoms, and lactones of the related monohydroxy-n-alkanoic acids, were subjected to reaction with 57 percent hydriodic acid at 125 deg C.As in the classical studies of Kiliani, the reduction of D-glycero-D-ido-heptono-1,4-lactone yielded mainly gamma-heptanolactone.Analogously, the corresponding gamma-alkanolactones were obtained as major products from the 1,4-lactones of the D-xylono, D-allono-, and D-erythro-L-talo-octono configuration.Monoiodo-n-alkanoic acids were also formed in admixture with the lactones in all of these reactions.D-Erythrono-1,4-lactone was unique among the aldonolactones in that it led only to an acid, i.e., 3-iodo-n-butanoic acid.The latter was also the product of the non-reductive reaction of hydriodic acid with beta-butyrolactone whereas, by contrast, gamma-butyrolactone afforded 4-iodobutanoic acid.Among compounds in the five to eight carbon series, it was found that under conditions close to equilibrium the ratio of lactone to iodoacid decreased progressively with the length of the carbon chain; e.g., in the 4 h reactions of gamma-valero, gamma-capro, gamma-heptano,- and gamma-octanolactone, the ratios were 2.4, 1.2, 0.2, and 0.1, respectively.An accompanying characteristic of these reactions is a progression in the number of isomeric iodoacids formed.Whereas gamma-valerolactone was accompanied by 4-iodopentanoic acid, there were two isomers (4- and 5-) of iodohexanoic acid, three monoiodo- (including 6-iodo-) heptanoic acids, and four (including 7-iodo-) octanoic acids.In all instances, the isomer substituted at the penultimate carbon was major.An interplay of several individual reactions, including ring-opening displacements, eliminations-additions, and rearrangements, as well as a probable influence of entropy changes on the lactone-acid equilibria, appear to account largely for these observations.
I hope this article can help some friends in scientific research. I am very proud of our efforts over the past few months and hope to 105-21-5, help many people in the next few years.Application In Synthesis of Gamma-heptalactone
Reference：
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem