Day: March 25, 2021

A catalyst don’t appear in the overall stoichiometry of the reaction it catalyzes, but it must appear in at least one of the elementary reactions in the mechanism for the catalyzed reaction. 97-99-4, Name is (Tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methanol, molecular formula is C5H10O2. In an article, author is Uttaravalli, Appala Naidu,once mentioned of 97-99-4, Name: (Tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methanol.

Studies on development of adhesive material from post-consumer (waste) expanded polystyrene: a two-edged sword approach

In the present study, low-cost adhesive materials are prepared by valorizing a post-consumer (waste) expanded polystyrene (EPS). The adhesives are prepared by dissolving the waste EPS in six different solvents namely n-butyl acetate (n-BA), tetrahydrofuran (THF), methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), m-xylene, carbon tetrachloride (CTC) and gasoline, and the corresponding additives are designated as AD-B, AD-T, AD-M, AD-X, AD-C, and AD-G, respectively. Various physico-chemical properties such as solubility, moisture content, viscosity, adhesive (shear) strength, shear modulus, etc. of the adhesives are characterized in detail. Among the chosen solvents, the solvent MEK offered maximum solubility of the EPS. Paper and wood-based substrates were used to quantify the adhesive strength of the in-house developed adhesives. The study revealed that the in-house prepared adhesives are appropriate to stick paper and wood-based substrates. The adhesive strength of the adhesives is also compared with commercial adhesives namely fevistick and fevicol. The order of shear strength of the studied adhesives for wood as a substrate is AD-X < AD-B < AD-T < AD-M < fevicol. The obtained value of shear strength of AD-X, AD-B, AD-T, AD-M, and fevicol is 1081, 1372, 3791, 4407, and 4722 kPa, respectively. The investigation shows that the shear strength of AD-M is comparable (around 7 % lower) with the shear strength of the commercial fevicol. The in-house developed adhesives show more elastic in nature compared to the fevicol adhesive. The study further revealed that the in-house developed adhesives are also suitable to bind clay and ceramic-based substrates. From the investigation, it can be concluded that the EPS derived additives can be used as a suitable substitute for commercial adhesives to bind various materials. (C) 2020 Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. But sometimes, even after several years of basic chemistry education, it is not easy to form a clear picture on how they govern reactivity! 97-99-4, you can contact me at any time and look forward to more communication. Name: (Tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methanol.

Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
,Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Catalysts are substances that increase the reaction rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. 63-42-3, Name is Lactose, SMILES is O=C[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](CO)O1)O)O)O)O)O, belongs to tetrahydrofurans compound. In a document, author is Septani, Cindy M., introduce the new discover, Recommanded Product: 63-42-3.

Hierarchically Porous Carbon Materials from Self-Assembled Block Copolymer/Dopamine Mixtures

Hierarchically porous carbon materials with interconnected frameworks of macro- and mesopores are desirable for electrochemical applications in biosensors, electrocatalysis, and supercapacitors. In this study, we report a facile synthetic route to fabricate hierarchically porous carbon materials by controlled macro- and mesophase separation of a mixture of polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene) and dopamine. The morphology of mesopores is tailored by controlling the coassembly of PS-b-PEO and dopamine in the acidic tetrahydrofuran-water cosolvent. HCl addition plays a critical role via enhancing the charge-dipole interactions between PEO and dopamine and suppressing the clustering and chemical reactions of dopamine in solution. As a result, subsequent drying can produce interpenetrated PS-b-PEO/DA mixtures without forming dopamine microsized crystallites. Dopamine oxidative polymerization induced by solvent annealing in NH4OH vapor enables the formation of percolating macropores. Subsequent pyrolysis to selectively remove the PS-b-PEO template from the complex can produce hierarchically porous carbon materials with interconnected frameworks of macro- and mesopores when pyrolysis is implemented at a low temperature or when DA is a minor component.

The proportionality constant is the rate constant for the particular unimolecular reaction. the reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. I hope my blog about 63-42-3 is helpful to your research. Recommanded Product: 63-42-3.

Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
,Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

96-82-2, Name is Lactobionic acid, molecular formula is C12H22O12, belongs to tetrahydrofurans compound, is a common compound. In a patnet, author is Samara, Fatin, once mentioned the new application about 96-82-2, Quality Control of Lactobionic acid.

The Photocatalytic Degradation of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin in the Presence of Silver-Titanium Based Catalysts

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) are persistent toxic compounds that are ubiquitous in the environment. The photodegradation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in the presence of silver titanium oxide (AgTi) and silver titanium doped into the Y-zeolite (AgTiY) was tested using high (254 nm) and mid (302 nm) energy UV irradiation sources. AgTi and AgTiY, both showed success in the photodegradation of 2,3,7,8-TCDD dissolved in methanol/tetrahydrofuran solution. Both catalysts were found to effectively decompose TCDD at 302 nm (lower energy) reaching in between 98-99% degradation after five hours, but AgTiY showed better performance than AgTi at 60 min reaching 91% removal. Byproducts of degradation were evaluated using Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS), resulting in 2,3,7-trichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, a lower chlorinated congener and less toxic, as the main degradation product. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was used to evaluate the relative toxicity of the degradation byproducts were a decrease in optical density indicated that some products of degradation could be potentially more toxic than the parent TCDD. On the other hand, a decrease in toxicity was observed for the samples with the highest 2,3,7,8-TCDD degradation, confirming that AgTiY irradiated at 302 nm is an excellent choice for degrading TCDD. This is the first study to report on the efficiency of silver titanium doped zeolites for the removal of toxic organic contaminants such as dioxins and furans from aquatic ecosystems.

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Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
,Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Chemistry is an experimental science, Name: (S)-4-Hydroxydihydrofuran-2(3H)-one, and the best way to enjoy it and learn about it is performing experiments.Introducing a new discovery about 7331-52-4, Name is (S)-4-Hydroxydihydrofuran-2(3H)-one, molecular formula is C4H6O3, belongs to Tetrahydrofurans compound. In a document, author is Yan, Qiangu.

Issues in Preparation of Metal-Lignin Nanocomposites by Coprecipitation Method

Chemical coprecipitation technique is proven to be a beneficial method to prepare uniformly mixed catalyst metal and Kraft lignin precursors. Coprecipitation is a simple, yet very complex process which is highly sensitive to the reaction conditions, particularly temperature. In an exothermic coprecipitation process, the reaction rate can become uncontrollable over certain temperatures which could lead to a thermal runaway reaction. In this work, metal-lignin nanocomposites were synthesized by coprecipitation of metal (M) salts and Kraft lignin. Kraft lignin and metal salts were dissolved in organic solvents and DI water, respectively, to make lignin solution/suspension and metal salt aqueous solution. The aqueous solutions of metal salts were then added to the lignin solutions/suspensions and mixed well, resulting in chelation of transition metal ions to the functional groups of lignin chains and co-precipitation of metal-lignin composites from the solvents. To develop a safe process for producing M-lignin composites in a large volume, potential reactions, exothermic or endothermic processes, hazards gases, and volatiles were evaluated during the coprecipitation process. The effects of transition metal type, solvent selection, concentration of metal salts, and initial solution temperature on the interactions between metal ions and Kraft lignin, metal uniformity in the lignin matrix, and morphology of the metal-lignin composites were investigated during the coprecipitation process. Cu, Mo, Ni, and Fe were investigated as the transition metals for the metal-lignin composites. Fenton or Fenton-like reactions were discovered to occur during the Fe- and Cu-lignin coprecipitation process and tremendous heat evolved, which lead to the overshoot of the reaction system temperature in a very short time (i.e. a few seconds). Significant amounts of CO(2)and toxic NO(2)gasses were released during the coprecipitation process when Fenton or Fenton-like reactions occurred. No interaction or a very weak interaction occurred between lignin and Mo(VI) ions when mixing both solutions. Ni ions were coordinated strongly to oxygen-containing functional groups in lignin, but no Fenton or Fenton-like reaction was detected during Ni-lignin coprecipitation. Fenton reaction or Fenton-like reaction occurred when tetrahydrofuran (THF) and acetone were used to dissolve Kraft lignin, and the reaction became highly fierce and unmanageable with increasing of iron content in the composite. The reaction initialization time was shortened with increase of initial solution temperature and thermal runaway reaction might occur if the initial mixing temperature reached 60 degrees C or above.

Sometimes chemists are able to propose two or more mechanisms that are consistent with the available data. If a proposed mechanism predicts the wrong experimental rate law, however, the mechanism must be incorrect.Welcome to check out more blogs about 7331-52-4, in my other articles. Name: (S)-4-Hydroxydihydrofuran-2(3H)-one.

Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
,Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Chemistry can be defined as the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. You¡¯ll sometimes hear it called the central science because it is the connection between physics and all the other sciences, starting with biology. 104-61-0, Name is 5-Pentyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one, molecular formula is , belongs to tetrahydrofurans compound. In a document, author is Dung, Nguyen Thi Kim, SDS of cas: 104-61-0.

Effect Of Magnesium Perchlorate Content on the Mechanical, Thermal Stability, and Dielectric Properties of Plasticized PMMA/PVC-g-PMMA Electrolytes

In this study, new types of gel polymer blend electrolytes (GPBEs) were prepared with the synthesized PVC-g-PMMA graft copolymer, PMMA, plasticizers (propylene carbonate (PC), dioctyl phthalate (DOP)), and different loadings of Mg(ClO4)(2) via the solution casting method using tetrahydrofuran as solvent. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of the electrolytes showed mutual molecular interactions between Mg(ClO4)(2) and organic moieties. The scanning electron microscopy images of the GPBEs showed their wrinkled surface morphology due to their low elastic modulus and high flexibility. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and mapping technique revealed the regular distributions of all atomic elements such as Cl, Mg, O, and C in the doped GPBEs. With increasing the Mg salt concentration, Young’s modulus and tensile strength of the GPBEs strongly decreased. Interestingly, the elongation at break of the GPBEs was higher than that of neat (undoped) GPBE and achieved the highest value of 215% at the salt content of 20 wt.%. The AC conductivity and ionic conductivity, as well as dielectric permittivity of plasticized PMMA/PVC-g-PMMA/Mg(ClO4)(2) GPBE,s increased with frequency and Mg(ClO4)(2) doping content. Ionic conductivity of the doped GPBEs can be achieved from 5.51×10(-5) to 4.42×10(-4) (S.cm(-1)) using Mg(ClO4)(2) contents in the range from 10 to 40 wt.%. The doped GPBEs are thermally stable up to 100 degrees C with very low weight losses. The GPBE doped with 20 wt.% of Mg(ClO4)(2) can be used as a new type of electrolyte for developing Mg batteries.

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Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
,Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Chemistry is the science of change. But why do chemical reactions take place? Why do chemicals react with each other? The answer is in thermodynamics and kinetics, SDS of cas: 149809-43-8, 149809-43-8, Name is ((3R,5R)-5-((1H-1,2,4-Triazol-1-yl)methyl)-5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)methyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate, SMILES is O=S(C1=CC=C(C)C=C1)(OC[C@H]2CO[C@](C3=CC=C(F)C=C3F)(CN4N=CN=C4)C2)=O, belongs to Tetrahydrofurans compound. In a document, author is Lee, Kang Hoon, introduce the new discover.

Characterization of 1,4-Dioxane Biodegradation by a Microbial Community

In this study, a microbial community of bacteria was investigated for 1,4-dioxane(1,4-D) biodegradation. The enriched culture was investigated for 1,4-dioxane mineralization, co-metabolism of 1,4-dioxane and extra carbon sources, and characterized 1,4-dioxane biodegradation kinetics. The mineralization test indicates that the enriched culture was able to degrade 1,4-dioxane as the sole carbon and energy source. Interestingly, the distribution of 1,4-dioxane into the final biodegrading products were 36.9% into biomass, 58.3% completely mineralized to CO2, and about 4% escaped as VOC. The enriched culture has a high affinity with 1,4-dioxane during biodegradation. The kinetic coefficients of the Monod equation were q(max) = 0.0063 mg 1,4-D/mg VSS/h, K-s = 9.42 mg/L, Y-T = 0.43 mg VSS/mg 1,4-dioxane and the decay rate was k(d) = 0.023 mg/mg/h. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) and ethylene glycol were both consumed together with 1,4-dioxane by the enriched culture; however, ethylene glycol did not show any influence on 1,4-dioxane biodegradation, while THF proved to be a competitive.

A reaction mechanism is the microscopic path by which reactants are transformed into products. Each step is an elementary reaction. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 149809-43-8. SDS of cas: 149809-43-8.

Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
,Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

The reaction rate of a catalyzed reaction is faster than the reaction rate of the uncatalyzed reaction at the same temperature. Category: tetrahydrofurans, 492-62-6, Name is alpha-D-Glucose, SMILES is O[C@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O, in an article , author is Zhang, Huihui, once mentioned of 492-62-6.

Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric [3+2] Cycloaddition of Vinylethylene Carbonates with 2-Arylidene-1,3-Indandiones: Synthesis of Tetrahydrofuran-Fused Spirocyclic 1,3-Indandiones

An asymmetric [3+2] cycloaddition of 2-arylidene-1,3-indandiones with vinylethylene carbonates (VECs) had been achieved in the presence of Pd(2)dba(3)center dot CHCl(3)and axially chiral phosphoramidite ligand. The reaction of various substituted VECs and 2-arylidene-1,3-indandiones proceeded smoothly under mild conditions, giving the highly functionalized spirocyclic 1,3-indanedione derivatives in good to excellent yield with moderate diastereoselectivity and high enantioselectivity. The reaction on the gram scale had also been demonstrated.

But sometimes, even after several years of basic chemistry education, it is not easy to form a clear picture on how they govern reactivity! 492-62-6, you can contact me at any time and look forward to more communication. Category: tetrahydrofurans.

Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
,Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

One of the major reasons for studying chemical kinetics is to use measurements of the macroscopic properties of a system, such as the rate of change in the concentration of reactants or products with time. 108-30-5, Name is Dihydrofuran-2,5-dione, formurla is C4H4O3. In a document, author is Kato, Shota, introducing its new discovery. SDS of cas: 108-30-5.

Total synthesis and complete configurational assignment of amphirionin-2

Amphirionin-2 is a linear polyketide metabolite that exhibits potent and selective cytotoxic activity against certain human cancer cell lines. We disclose herein the first total synthesis of amphirionin-2 and determination of its absolute configuration. Our synthesis featured an extensive use of cobalt-catalyzed Mukaiyama-type cyclization of gamma-hydroxy olefins for stereoselective formation of all the tetrahydrofuran rings found in the natural product, and a late-stage Stille-type coupling for convergent assembly of the entire carbon backbone. Four candidate diastereomers of amphirionin-2 were synthesized in a unified, convergent manner, and their spectroscopic/chromatographic properties were compared with those of the authentic material. The present study culminated in the reassignment of the C5/C7 relative configuration, assignment of the C12/C18 relative configuration, and determination of the absolute configuration of amphirionin-2.

If you are hungry for even more, make sure to check my other article about 108-30-5, SDS of cas: 108-30-5.

Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
,Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Chemistry is an experimental science, and the best way to enjoy it and learn about it is performing experiments.Introducing a new discovery about 96-82-2, Name is Lactobionic acid, molecular formula is , belongs to tetrahydrofurans compound. In a document, author is Bareuther, Jennifer, Quality Control of Lactobionic acid.

Temperature Variation Enables the Design of Biobased Block Copolymers via One-Step Anionic Copolymerization

A one-pot approach for the preparation of diblock copolymers consisting of polystyrene and polymyrcene blocks is described via a temperature-induced block copolymer (BCP) formation strategy. A monomer mixture of styrene and myrcene is employed. The unreactive nature of myrcene in a polar solvent (tetrahydrofuran) at -78 degrees C enables the sole formation of active polystyrene macroinitiators, while an increase of the temperature (-38 degrees C to room temperature) leads to poly(styrene-block-myrcene) formation due to polymerization of myrcene. Well-defined BCPs featuring molar masses in the range of 44-117.2 kg mol(-1)with dispersities,(sic), of 1.09-1.21, and polymyrcene volume fractions of 30-64% are accessible. Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry measurements reveal the temperature-controlled polymyrcene block formation, while both transmission electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering measurements prove the presence of clearly microphase-separated, long range-ordered domains in the block copolymers. The temperature-controlled one-pot anionic block copolymerization approach may be general for other terpene-diene monomers.

If you are hungry for even more, make sure to check my other article about 96-82-2, Quality Control of Lactobionic acid.

Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
,Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Chemistry, like all the natural sciences, Category: tetrahydrofurans, begins with the direct observation of nature¡ª in this case, of matter.96-82-2, Name is Lactobionic acid, SMILES is O[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](CO)O1)O)O)O)O)C(O)=O, belongs to tetrahydrofurans compound. In a document, author is Zwilling, Jacob D., introduce the new discover.

Understanding lignin micro- and nanoparticte nucleation and growth in aqueous suspensions by solvent fractionation

In recent years, there have been many advances toward developing sustainable, micro- and nanoscale materials from biobased resources such as lignin aimed at strengthening the bioeconomy. It is critical to study the factors affecting nucleation and growth mechanisms, as well as the stability of lignin micro-and nanoparticles (LPs), to further enhance the development of such materials. However, there remains a gap in the literature examining the many interactions present during and after LP formation. These interactions vary with the chemical composition and molecular weight distribution of different kraft lignin (KL) fractions. To examine the composition of different lignin fractions, KL can be fractionated using water-miscible organic solvents of different polarities such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), acetone, and ethanol. Herein, we show that the micro- and nanoparticles formed from each lignin fraction exhibit significant differences in their size (50-300 nm), particle aggregation and fusion propensity, and spherical morphology in aqueous suspensions. These differences are proposed to be a result of the solvent lignin water interactions related to molecular weight and functional groups of the lignin fractions and solvent/water polarity. Another factor affecting the nucleation and growth of LPs is the lignin concentration. The LPs formed at low lignin concentrations exhibit a larger average particle size compared to the LPs formed at higher lignin concentrations due to the aggregation and fusion of the small particles. These results will allow for a stronger foundation in understanding the nucleation and growth of LPs when attempting to develop value-added applications for kraft lignin.

Note that a catalyst decreases the activation energy for both the forward and the reverse reactions and hence accelerates both the forward and the reverse reactions. you can also check out more blogs about 96-82-2. Category: tetrahydrofurans.

Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
,Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem